Nail Disorders: An Updated Review

Abstract

Healthy nails look smooth and have a uniform color. As people grow older, they may have vertical bumps, or their nails may become a little brittle, but this is harmless. Injury-related stains should expand with the fingernail. Abnormalities such as stains, discoloration, and nail peeling can be occurred by finger and hand injuries, viral warts, nail fungal disease, and several medications such as chemotherapeutic agents. Some other medical conditions can also change the physical appearance of fingernails. However, these differences can be hard to explain. The appearance of the nails alone is not enough to diagnose a particular illness. Doctors use this information in conjunction with other symptoms and physical examinations to make a diagnosis. Some changes to the nails can be due to a medical condition that requires attention. There can be several symptoms like changes in color, thickness, and shape of nails, brittle nails, hollow nails, bleeding around the nails, swelling and redness around the nail, pain around the nails, exfoliation of the fingernail from the skin. These changes in nails can be occurred due to several conditions. This review concentrates on each and every physical change observed in nails, physiological changes in body due to which these disorders occur and prevention to some common disorders.