Nano-Dispersed Organic Liquid and Liquid Crystals for All-Time-Scales Optical Switching and Tunable Negative-and Zero- Index Materials

Khoo, Iam Choon; Díaz, Arturo Pulido; Kubo, Shoichi; Liou, J.; Stinger, M. V.; Mallouk, Thomas E.; Park, J. H.

doi:10.1080/15421400801925786

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The functional nanoparticles are expected to not only enhance the non-linearities of LC materials, but also introduce novel non-linear optical mechanisms for self-activated laser protection in the time scales and absorption wavelengths not possible with the LC hosts [90]. Interestingly, silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticle-doped nematic LC films were able to exhibit photoinduced reorientation or refractive index changes [91][92][93][94], thus enabling the efficient all-optical switching for continuous-wave lasers [95]. Recently, Quint et al demonstrated an all-optical technique for reversible in-plane and out-of-plane switching of nematic LC molecules by utilising the highly localised electric fields and plasmonic heating which were generated in the near-field region of densely packed gold nanoparticles under the light irradiations [96,97].…”

Section: Nano-dispersed Nematic Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Self-activating liquid crystal devices for smart laser protection

Wang

2016

Liquid Crystals

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Lasers are now extensively used in a multitude of optical devices and photonic systems spanning from sensing, communication, entertainment, medical surgery to military applications. Direct accidental or intentional exposures to high power lasers may lead to severe temporary or even permanent harm of human eye, skin, or optical sensors. The effective laser protection and shielding are currently not only a subject of scientific research but also a potential public safety issue, therefore there is an urgent need to develop the intelligent laser protection devices for keeping human eyes, optical sensors, and other sensitive components from these unintended or intended damages by laser radiations without warning. Self-activating liquid crystal devices undoubtedly represent such an elegant example because they could be autonomously activated to block or attenuate the lasers when the laser intensity is higher than a maximum permissible exposure value. This review is devoted to summarising the up-to-date significant advances of selfactivating liquid crystal devices for potential smart laser protection, including twist-aligned nematic liquid crystal devices, liquid crystal cored waveguide fibre arrays, and photovoltaic/ pyroelectric-hybridised liquid crystal devices. Finally, the review concludes with the perspectives and challenges for the future development of self-activating liquid crystal devices. It is anticipated that this glimpse and further endeavours in the emerging field will help the researchers from different backgrounds towards the fabrication of highly efficient laser protection devices, their real-world widespread applications and beyond. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Nano-dispersed Nematic Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Self-activating liquid crystal devices for smart laser protection

Wang

2016

Liquid Crystals

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“…4 At room temperature ILC exhibits liquid crystalline phases while the others are neat organic liquids. All these liquids exhibit a very broadband transmission window from 400 nm to 1600 nm.…”

Section: Enhancement Of Nonlinear Absorption Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear liquid crystal Nano-metamaterials

Díaz

Kubo

Kwon

et al. 2008

2008 IEEE/LEOS Winter Topical Meeting Series

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“…(d) Nematic liquid crystals in nanostructured metamaterial [12]. their electro-optical counterparts that operate at milliseconds speed, several of these optically activated mechanisms can enable ultrafast all-optical switching operations in conjunction with sub-microseconds to nanoseconds and femtoseconds lasers [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84]. All-optical interactions and activation processes also do not require electrodes or complex circuitry, and can be mediated with a large degree of freedom in the direction and polarization states of the incident electromagnetic waves.…”

Section: F Figures 2(a)-(b)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the next few sections, we shall discuss the fundamentals of these mechanisms and their dynamical characteristics, and explore the possibilities of utilizing them for fast responding all-optical switching and modulation operations. For completeness and possibly new applications, we also include a brief discussion of the ultrafast (femtoseconds) molecular electronic nonlinearities [49,[77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85] of NLC, as well as the isotropic (liquid) phase nanoseconds orientation nonlinearities [3,52,53].…”

Section: Mechanisms and Dynamics Of Laser Induced Refractive Index Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

MULTIPLE TIME SCALES OPTICAL NONLINEARITIES OF LIQUID CRYSTALS FOR OPTICAL-TERAHERTZ-MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS (Invited Review)

Khoo¹,

Zhao²

2014

PIER

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Abstract-We provide a critical account of the dynamics of laser induced refractive index changing mechanisms in nematic liquid crystals which may be useful for all-optical switching and modulation applications in the visible as well as the Terahertz and long-wavelength regime. In particular, the magnitude and response times of optical Kerr effects associated with director axis reorientation, thermal and order parameter changes, coupled flow-reorientation effects and individual molecular electronic responses are thoroughly investigated and documented, along with exemplary experimental demonstrations. Emphases are placed on identifying parameter sets that will enable all-optical switching with much faster response times compared to their conventional electro-optics counterparts.

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Nano-Dispersed Organic Liquid and Liquid Crystals for All-Time-Scales Optical Switching and Tunable Negative-and Zero- Index Materials

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Self-activating liquid crystal devices for smart laser protection

Self-activating liquid crystal devices for smart laser protection

Nonlinear liquid crystal Nano-metamaterials

MULTIPLE TIME SCALES OPTICAL NONLINEARITIES OF LIQUID CRYSTALS FOR OPTICAL-TERAHERTZ-MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS (Invited Review)

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