Nano-Scale Silicon Quantum Dot-Based Single-Electron Transistors and Their Application to Design of Analog-to-Digital Convertors at Room Temperature

Abstract

Room-temperature analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) based on nanoscale silicon (Si) quantum dot (QD)-based single-electron transistors (SETs) can be very attractive for high-speed processors embedded in future generation nanosystems. This paper focuses on the design and modeling of advanced single-electron converters suited for operation at room temperature. In contrast to conventional SETs with metallic QD, the use of sub-10-nm Si QD results in stable operation at room temperature, as the observable Coulomb blockade regime covers effectively the higher temperature range. Si QD-based SETs are also fully compatible with advanced CMOS technology and they can be manufactured using routine nanofabrication steps. At first, we present the principles of operation of Si SETs used for room-temperature operation. Possible flash-type ADC architectures are then investigated and the design considerations of possible Coulomb oscillation regimes are addressed. A modified design procedure is then introduced for [Formula: see text]-bit SET-based ADCs, and validated through simulation of a 3-bit ADC with a sampling frequency of 5 GS/s. The ADC core is comprised from a capacitive signal divider followed by three periodic symmetric functions (PSFs). Simulation results demonstrate the stability of output signals at the room-temperature range.

The Effect of Temperature on a Single-Electron Transistor I-V Curve

“…The fundamental physical principle of SETs is the tunneling effect through a Coulomb blockade [2][3][4]. The number of electrons inside the quantum dot is precisely controlled by the Coulomb blockade, thus, SETs show I-V characteristic curves that can exhibit Negative Differential Resistance (NDR) regions, which are expected to have new functionalities [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Theoretical investigation about the origin of NDRs has been reported in previous works [11][12][13].…”