Nano Silver Remineralization and Aesthetic Effect on Artificial White Spot Lesions: an in vitro study

Abstract

Background : Evaluating the remineralization potential on artificial enamel caries of three different dentifrices containing , Casein Phospho peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) , Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF), and Sodium Fluoride (NaF), in comparison to Artificial Saliva ( ASS). Methods : A standrardized demineralization protocol was used on sound extracted human premolars ( n=80) in order to create artificial carious – like lesions. Premolars were sectioned longitudinally . According to the type of treatment group , the teeth were randomly allocated into four equally sized groups (n=20) . Group A , was treated with Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) ; Group B , was treated with Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) ; and Group C , was treated with Sodium Fluoride (NaF) ; group D , was treated with Artificial Saliva ( ASS ) , as control group . The specimens were then subjected to standardized pH cycling regime for 21 days. The( Diagnodent laser ) test was utilized to record the mineral profile in all groups ;the ( Spectrophotometer) test was used to evaluate the aesthetic effect of remineralizing agents , as well .the assessment was done in three stages ; (Baseline stage), (Lesion –creation stage) , and( after –remineralization stage) finally .The data were statistically analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance ( ANOVA) and Turkey’s post –hoc multiple comparison tests at a significance level of p<0.05. Results Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF): Group B significantly increased the mineral profile and aesthetic appearance after artificial carious- like creation stage . As well as, Group B : Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) reported the highest percentage change in mineral profile values and aesthetic appearance followed closely by Group A :Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) , and Group C: Sodium Fluoride (NaF) ; respectively the most predominant failure was in control group . Conclusion Within this in-vitro study ; Nano Silver Fluoride( NSF) , and Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate( CPP-ACP )containing dentifrice were effective in remineralizing lesions of enamel , as well as improving the aesthetic appearance . However, Sodium Fluoride (NaF) demonstrated less remineralization potential in comparison to dentifrices containing Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) , and Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP).