Background:Background: Hemophilias are the most frequent Inherited bleeding disorders. In Egypt which has a population of approximately(80 million) consanguineous marriage are frequent, there fore recessive coagulation disorders reach a higherprevalence than in many other countries. Aims: Aims:The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological situation of adult hemophilia in Mansoura , Egypt as basedon retrospective analysis of our electronic clinical records at hematology unit Oncology center mansoura university (OCMU) between 2006 and 2021. Methods:Methods: Adult patients complaining of hemophilia were recruited from hematology unit at OCMU from 2006 to 2021.Demographic characteristics, clinical history, and laboratory and treatment data together with long term complications were collected. Results: Results:The study included 117 recorded cases of Hemophilia (93 A & 24 B). Almost all the cases were previously diagnosedand were either on follow up with a pediatric unit and got their service transferred to our unit or came with ableeding emergency or for preoperative assessment. Male were 105 with 12 females with the females being 10 in A &only 2 in B . The mean age of first follow up at OCMU was 24.7 years with the minimum and the maximum being 17 & 54 years. The severity of hemophilia was distributed as follows 22% severe, 30 % moderate and the remaining 48%mild. HCV infection was found in 38 % of cases due to increased plasma transfusion being the main line of treatment.

Background : Evaluating the remineralization potential on artificial enamel caries of three different dentifrices containing , Casein Phospho peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) , Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF), and Sodium Fluoride (NaF), in comparison to Artificial Saliva ( ASS). Methods : A standrardized demineralization protocol was used on sound extracted human premolars ( n=80) in order to create artificial carious – like lesions. Premolars were sectioned longitudinally . According to the type of treatment group , the teeth were randomly allocated into four equally sized groups (n=20) . Group A , was treated with Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) ; Group B , was treated with Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) ; and Group C , was treated with Sodium Fluoride (NaF) ; group D , was treated with Artificial Saliva ( ASS ) , as control group . The specimens were then subjected to standardized pH cycling regime for 21 days. The( Diagnodent laser ) test was utilized to record the mineral profile in all groups ;the ( Spectrophotometer) test was used to evaluate the aesthetic effect of remineralizing agents , as well .the assessment was done in three stages ; (Baseline stage), (Lesion –creation stage) , and( after –remineralization stage) finally .The data were statistically analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance ( ANOVA) and Turkey’s post –hoc multiple comparison tests at a significance level of p<0.05. Results Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF): Group B significantly increased the mineral profile and aesthetic appearance after artificial carious- like creation stage . As well as, Group B : Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) reported the highest percentage change in mineral profile values and aesthetic appearance followed closely by Group A :Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) , and Group C: Sodium Fluoride (NaF) ; respectively the most predominant failure was in control group . Conclusion Within this in-vitro study ; Nano Silver Fluoride( NSF) , and Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate( CPP-ACP )containing dentifrice were effective in remineralizing lesions of enamel , as well as improving the aesthetic appearance . However, Sodium Fluoride (NaF) demonstrated less remineralization potential in comparison to dentifrices containing Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) , and Casein Phospho Peptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP).