Nanoparticle Preparation by Miniemulsion Polymerization

Wu, Man; Rotureau, Elise; Marie, Emmanuelle; Dellacherie, Édith; Durand, Alain

doi:10.1002/9783527626564.ch7

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…[17] Furthermore, miniemulsion provides the opportunity to finely tune particle size distribution while preparing emulsion with high solid content of polymers. [18][19][20] The crosslinking of polymer-containing nanodroplets formed by miniemulsion is a particularly attractive method to produce nanocarriers (Figure 1). Hollow nanocapsules can be prepared by a polyaddition or polycondensation reaction occurring at the droplets interface.…”

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confidence: 99%

Large‐Scale Preparation of Polymer Nanocarriers by High‐Pressure Microfluidization

Alkanawati

Wurm

Thérien-Aubin

et al. 2017

Macro Materials & Eng

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by dispersion, suspension emulsion, or miniemulsion polymerization, while the preparation of polymer nanocarriers made from preformed polymers usually occurs by coacervation methods such as salting out, [13] emulsification-diffusion, [14] nanoprecipitation, and supercritical fluid technology. [15,16] Among those different preparation techniques, miniemulsion is particularly attractive due to its ability to prepare nanocarriers from either mono mer or polymer while allowing for the efficient loading of large doses of therapeutic agents, which can be lipophilic and/or hydrophilic compounds. [17] Furthermore, miniemulsion provides the opportunity to finely tune particle size distribution while preparing emulsion with high solid content of polymers. [18][19][20] The crosslinking of polymer-containing nanodroplets formed by miniemulsion is a particularly attractive method to produce nanocarriers (Figure 1). Hollow nanocapsules can be prepared by a polyaddition or polycondensation reaction occurring at the droplets interface. [21] In order to prepare nanocarriers, the polymer is dissolved in a good solvent and emulsified with an immiscible nonsolvent forming the continuous phase. After the emulsification, a crosslinking agent, soluble in the continuous phase, is added to the emulsion and the poly addition or polycondensation reaction between the polymer and crosslinking agent occurs at the surface of the droplet. When the reaction kinetic is fast enough, a shell insoluble in both phases can be formed at the interface. [22] To control the size and size distribution of the nanocapsules prepared by the polyaddition/polycondensation reaction at the droplet interface, it is critical to control the preparation of the miniemulsion used as a precursor. The two main factors leading to the broadening of the size distribution of the nanodroplets during miniemulsion are (i) Ostwald ripening and (ii) coalescence of the droplets occurring through collision. The coalescence could be controlled by the addition of an appropriate surfactant, which provides electrostatic or steric stabilization thus preventing droplet coalescence. Ostwald ripening is affected by multiple factors such as droplet size, Laplace pressure, polydispersity, and solubility of the dispersed phase in the continuous phase. In general, Ostwald ripening could be limited by the addition of compounds increasing the osmotic pressure in the system. These chemicals need to be highly insoluble in the continuous phase but completely soluble in the Nanocapsules Polymer nanocarriers are used as transport modules in the design of the next generation of drug delivery technology. However, the applicability of nanocarrier-based technology depends strongly on our ability to precisely control and reproduce their synthesis on a large scale because their properties and performances are strongly dependent on their size and shape. Fundamental studies and practical applications of polymer nanocarriers are hampered by the difficulty of using the current methods to produce monodispersed ...

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confidence: 99%

Large‐Scale Preparation of Polymer Nanocarriers by High‐Pressure Microfluidization

Alkanawati

Wurm

Thérien-Aubin

et al. 2017

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…These effects may be due to inadvertent interfacial Förster transfer consistent with some surface segregation of the dyes in the polymer particles that could have favored interparticle energy transfer. There could also be dye exchange between nanoparticles during solvent evaporation, miniemulsion mixing, or spin-casting …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Emission through Fluorescent Polymer Nanopigments

Zhuang

Hogen‐Esch

2010

Macromolecules

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The use is explored of 100-200 nm sized polystyrene or poly(9,9-dihexyl-2,7-fluorenediyl) (PFH) nanoparticles ("nanopigments") containing low-MW chromophores such as perylene, coumarin 6, and Nile red for use in multicolor emission applications. Good results were obtained with PS nanoparticles at low (e0.5 wt %) chromophore doping levels with emissions being a linear combination of the two component nanoparticles. At higher chromophore concentrations the emissions do not conform to a simple "linear" combination of the component nanoparticles. This may be due to inadvertent dye exchange between nanoparticles during preparation and processing. The emission properties of nanoparticles having blue, green, or red emitting polymer chromophores dispersed in polystyrene or PFH proved more successful in that interparticle dye exchange, and hence undesirable F€ orster energy transfer, is largely eliminated. Hence, the emissions of these nanopigments are independent and thus can be combined linearly to give a well-controlled emission output.

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“…duration and intensity of ultrasonication, are the key parameters in determining capsule size distribution, thus preventing coalescence and Ostwald ripening. [40][41][42] M A N U S C R I P T…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…co-surfactant prevents coalescence and Ostwald ripening. 41 Co-surfactants, typically dissolved in the organic phase, are molecules with ultra-low solubility in the continuous medium, able to slow down emulsion aging, the so-called Ostwald ripening effect, over a sufficient time to ensure droplet nucleation and polymerization.…”

Section: Emulsion Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%