Nanoparticle surface polarity influence on the flow behavior of polymer matrix composites

Abstract

The influence of three different nanosized titanias with opposite surface polarity and different particle morphology, dispersed in an unsaturated polyester matrix, on the resulting composite flow behavior was investigated systematically. In addition the maximum filler load was estimated by use of established empirical models. It is known from composites containing microsized particles that a surface polarity conversion from a hydrophilic to a more hydrophobic character allows higher solid loads due to a pronounced viscosity reduction. In this work it was derived from viscosity measurements that a large hydrophobic nanoparticle surface area caused a pronounced attractive interaction between the filler and the polymer matrix reducing the maximum accessible filler load in contrast to a similar hydrophilic nanoparticle. For comparison a highly agglomerated hydrophilic nanosized titanium dioxide with very large specific surface area was investigated also, the large agglomerates with particle sizes in the micrometer range allowed higher solid loads in contrast to the both “real” nanosized titania. POLYM. COMPOS., 34:1425–1432, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

Modification of Interfacial Interactions in Ceramic-Polymer Nanocomposites by Grafting: Morphology and Properties for Powder Injection Molding and Additive Manufacturing

“…On the contrary, the decrease in agglomerates results in an increase in the particle surface area in contact with the polymer melt, thus increasing the viscosity [43,[69][70][71]. Additionally, the higher adhesion to the powder for the AAHDPE than for the HDPE (observed in the MD simulations at high temperature in Section 3.1) and the hydrogen bonding between the zirconia OH groups and the acrylic acid CO groups (observed in the ATR analyses in Section 3.3) promote the higher viscosity of AAHDPE30 [71][72][73][74]. A high work of adhesion results in a thicker layer of polymer absorbed in the particles [72].…”

Development and characterization of adjustable refractive index scattering epoxy acrylate polymer layers

“…BMA exhibits a refractive index of 1.52 and BDDMA exhibits a very low value of 1.45, hence large amounts should be avoided to maintain a high refractive index of the final mixtures. Light scattering is achieved through the targeted addition of nanoscale titanium dioxide P25 (particle size: d 10 ¼ 93 nm, d 50 ¼ 120 nm, and d 90 ¼ 450 nm 19 ) from Evonik Industries. The refractive index of the polymer layer can be increased by the addition of the dopant 9-vinylcarbazole (98%) from Sigma-Aldrich.…”

Influence of Al2O3 Nanoparticle Addition on a UV Cured Polyacrylate for 3D Inkjet Printing

“…The particle-filled systems exhibit a higher viscosity than the unfilled matrix due to the flow hindering effect of the fillers. The acrylate surrounding the nanoparticles additionally adheres to their surface, further increasing the viscosity [17,41]. At the printing temperature of 60 °C values of 14 and 7 mPa∙s for the 16 nm and the 31 nm particle filled ink, respectively, were observed.…”