Nanoparticles of chosen noble metals as reactive oxygen species scavengers

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in various physiological processes of living organisms. However, their increased concentration is usually considered as a threat for our health. Plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates including humans have various enzymatic and non-enzymatic defence systems against ROS. Unfortunately, both bad condition of surrounding environment and unhealthy lifestyle can interfere with an activity of enzymes responsible for a regulation of ROS levels. Therefore, it is important to look for alternative ROS scavengers, which could be administrated to chosen tissues to prevent pathological processes such as distortion of DNA or RNA structures and oxidation of proteins and lipids. One of the most recently proposed solutions is the application of nanozymes, which could mimic the activity of essential enzymes and prevent excessive activity of ROS. In this work, nanoparticles of Au, Pt, Pd, Ru and Rh were synthesized and studied in this regard. Peroxidase-, catalase (CAT)- and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of obtained nanoparticles were tested and compared using different methods. The influence of bovine and human albumins on CAT- and peroxidase-like activity was examined. Moreover, in the case of CAT-like activity, an influence of pH and temperature was examined and compared. Determination of SOD-like activity using the methods described for the examination of the activity of native enzyme was not fully successful. Moreover, cytotoxicity of chosen nanoparticles was studied on both regular and tumor cells.

Trimetallic AuPtCo Nanopolyhedrons with Peroxidase- and Catalase-Like Catalytic Activity for Glow-Type Chemiluminescence Bioanalysis

“…Herein, a novel trimetallic AuPtCo nanopolyhedron with inherent peroxidase-and catalase-like catalytic activities has been synthesized via a one-step reduction method (Scheme 1A). In this nanocomposite, noble metal Au with excellent electron-transfer efficiency can be easily functionalized by coordination bonding, 27 while the transition metal Co 28 and noble metal Pt 29 with the intrinsic peroxidase-and catalase-like catalytic properties can enhance the CL intensity of the ABEI− H 2 O 2 system (Scheme 1B). Significantly, the surface biofunctionalization of AuPtCo (AuPtCo@Bio) endows the catalyst with a diffusion-controlled effect to generate a glowtype CL, which is further used to fabricate CL biosensors for sensitive detection of H 2 O 2 and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA 2 ) in real samples, respectively.…”

Multifunctional carbonized nanogels to treat lethal acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease

“…In contrast, animal cell membranes have less net charge and are rich in cholesterol to strengthen membrane integrity, and hence are less susceptible to the positively charged DAO/DEX 5.0 -CNGs. In addition, animal cells possess various cellular antioxidant enzymes, which can regulate the cellular ROS [ 36 – 39 ]. Similarly, the antioxidant-related enzymes in shrimp cells, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) can avoid damage caused by oxidative stress [ 40 – 43 ], implying that DAO/DEX5.0-CNGs is a safe feed additive for shrimp aquaculture.…”

Endophytes Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AW3 (CGMCC1.16683) improves the growth of Populus davidiana × Populus bolleana (PdPap) and induces its resistance to wilt disease by Fusarium oxysporum Fox68 (CFCC86068)

“…Current studies have reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in plants under various biotic and abiotic stresses cause oxidative stress (Ivanova et al, 2021). When ROS production and antioxidant defenses are out of balance, this leads to oxidative stress response.…”