Nanophotonics for light detection and ranging technology

Kim, Inki; Martins, Renato; Jang, Jaehyuck; Badloe, Trevon; Khadir, Samira; Jung, Ho-Youl; Kim, Hyeong–Do; Jongun, Kim; Genevet, Patrice; Rho, Junsuk

doi:10.1038/s41565-021-00895-3

Cited by 314 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In other words, multiple pieces of information can be encoded into a single optical device. Thus, multifunctional metasurfaces not only enable miniaturized systems that can outperform existing optical devices, but they also open up applications in fields such as optical cryptography 28 – 32 or light detection and ranging (LiDAR) 20 , 21 , 33 – 35 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pixelated bifunctional metasurface-driven dynamic vectorial holographic color prints for photonic security platform

et al. 2021

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Vectorial holography has gained a lot of attention due to the promise of versatile polarization control of structured light for enhanced optical security and multi-channel optical communication. Here, we propose a bifunctional metasurface which combines both structural color printing and vectorial holography with eight polarization channels towards advanced encryption applications. The structural colour prints are observed under white light while the polarization encoded holograms are reconstructed under laser illumination. To encode multiple holographic images for different polarization states, a pixelated metasurface is adopted. As a proof-of-concept, we devise an electrically tunable optical security platform incorporated with liquid crystals. The optical security platform is doubly encrypted: an image under white light is decrypted to provide the first key and the corresponding information is used to fully unlock the encrypted information via projected vectorial holographic images. Such an electrically tunable optical security platform may enable smart labels for security and anticounterfeiting applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pixelated bifunctional metasurface-driven dynamic vectorial holographic color prints for photonic security platform

et al. 2021

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“…The design strategy demonstrated here could be further expanded to lenses with higher NA and to work at different visible wavelengths with the appropriate optimization of the constituent meta‐atoms, and the possibly of using machine learning techniques [ 43 , 44 ] to design more complex metasurfaces could open up the realization of completely focus tunable metalenses. Furthermore, other applications of electrically tunable metasurfaces could be realized, such as controllable beam steering and holography, which could have impact in the fields of LiDAR [ 45 ] and AR/VR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Tunable Bifocal Metalens with Diffraction‐Limited Focusing and Imaging at Visible Wavelengths

et al. 2021

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Tunable optical devices powered by metasurfaces provide a new path for functional planar optics. In particular, lenses with tunable focal lengths can play a key role in various fields with applications in imaging, displays, and augmented and virtual reality devices. Here, the authors demonstrate an electrically controllable bifocal metalens at visible wavelengths by incorporating a metasurface designed to focus light at two different focal lengths, with liquid crystals to actively manipulate the focal length of the metalens through the application of an external bias. By utilizing hydrogenated amorphous silicon that is optimized to provide an extremely low extinction coefficient in the visible regime, the metalens is highly efficient with measured focusing efficiencies of around 44%. They numerically design and experimentally realize and characterize tunable focusing and demonstrate electrically tunable active imaging at visible wavelengths using the bifocal metalens combined with liquid crystals. Diffraction limited focusing and imaging is verified through the analysis of the measured optical intensities at the focal points and the modulation transfer function. The bifocal metalens is used to demonstrate electrically modulated focus switching between the two designed focal planes, to display images of positive and negative target objects.

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“…The paper suggests that the Laplacian (2D second order differentiation) of the input wavefront is conducted optically without any digital processing, and edge detection of certain samples with high resolution is achieved by a simple combination of a conventional microscope and a designed metasurface ( Figure 9 e). There are also various interesting studies about metalens and metasurface applications which can extract various geometric information of objects [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ] or reconstruct three-dimensional images for near-eye display [ 58 , 59 , 60 ], which are not discussed here.…”

Section: Applications Based On Three-dimensional Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric Metalens: Properties and Three-Dimensional Imaging Applications

Kim

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Recently, optical dielectric metasurfaces, ultrathin optical skins with densely arranged dielectric nanoantennas, have arisen as next-generation technologies with merits for miniaturization and functional improvement of conventional optical components. In particular, dielectric metalenses capable of optical focusing and imaging have attracted enormous attention from academic and industrial communities of optics. They can offer cutting-edge lensing functions owing to arbitrary wavefront encoding, polarization tunability, high efficiency, large diffraction angle, strong dispersion, and novel ultracompact integration methods. Based on the properties, dielectric metalenses have been applied to numerous three-dimensional imaging applications including wearable augmented or virtual reality displays with depth information, and optical sensing of three-dimensional position of object and various light properties. In this paper, we introduce the properties of optical dielectric metalenses, and review the working principles and recent advances in three-dimensional imaging applications based on them. The authors envision that the dielectric metalens and metasurface technologies could make breakthroughs for a wide range of compact optical systems for three-dimensional display and sensing.

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Nanophotonics for light detection and ranging technology

Cited by 314 publications

References 95 publications

Pixelated bifunctional metasurface-driven dynamic vectorial holographic color prints for photonic security platform

Pixelated bifunctional metasurface-driven dynamic vectorial holographic color prints for photonic security platform

Electrically Tunable Bifocal Metalens with Diffraction‐Limited Focusing and Imaging at Visible Wavelengths

Dielectric Metalens: Properties and Three-Dimensional Imaging Applications

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