“…However, in technological terms, disadvantages of the MA route include prolonged processing time, small batch size, tendency for contamination associated with the high specific area of the powder, and the high inherent cost of the pre-alloyed feedstock powders, which combine to restrict wider commercial implementation of the MA-based route. [1,[11][12][13][14][15][16] Thus, while key properties of ODS alloys, such as creep and irradiation resistance, are attractive, it is worthwhile to continue to explore alternative fabrication routes to replace/circumvent the MA process that might potentially achieve a higher throughput more suited for industrial production, probably with some, but acceptable, compromises in microstructure and mechanical properties. Recent efforts in this direction include in situ oxidation of a Y-containing melt during gas atomization, oxidation of a gas atomized Y-containing powder, and spray forming of a Y-containing melt.…”