Nanoscale Engineering and Optical Addressing of Single Spins in Diamond

Pezzagna, Sébastien; Wildanger, Dominik; Mazarov, Paul; Wieck, A. D.; Sarov, Y.; Rangelow, Ivo W.; Naydenov, Boris; Jelezko, Fedor; Hell, Stefan W.; Meijer, Jan

doi:10.1002/smll.201000902

Cited by 110 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For NV implantation, focused ion beams [29,30] or nanoimplantation [31] (through a nanoscopic hole in an atomic force microscope tip), further enable a lateral placement of NV centers with a precision around 100 nm or 25 nm, respectively. Given a suitable annealing treatment, NV centers created via ion implantation have narrow, stable optical resonances [32] , approaching natively occurring centers, a property highly crucial considering the coupling to high-quality cavity resonances.…”

Section: Nv Centersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Nanophotonics

Aharonovich

Neu

2014

Advanced Optical Materials

304

233

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Section: Nv Centersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Nanophotonics

Aharonovich

Neu

2014

Advanced Optical Materials

304

233

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“…The nanopillar spacing ( ≳ 250 nm) is such that quantum sensing can be performed on the single NV centers in each simultaneously using diffraction-limited wide-field optical detection and microwave control. Nanopillar arrays of this kind could be fabricated by combining existing diamond etching 27 and high resolution NV creation [31][32][33] force vector image will have a spatial resolution defined by the size of the superpixels (ie. ≳500 nm), and using our previous estimates, will achieve a force resolution of 100 pN after ~1 s of measurement time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical Sensing Using Spins in Diamond

et al. 2017

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KEYWORDSNitrogen-vacancy center, diamond, spin-mechanical interaction, nanomechancial sensing, NEMS 2 ABSTRACT Nanomechanical sensors and quantum nanosensors are two rapidly developing technologies that have diverse interdisciplinary applications in biological and chemical analysis and microscopy.For example, nanomechanical sensors based upon nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) have demonstrated chip-scale mass spectrometry capable of detecting single macromolecules, such as proteins. Quantum nanosensors based upon electron spins of negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have demonstrated diverse modes of nanometrology, including single molecule magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Here, we report the first step towards combining these two complementary technologies in the form of diamond nanomechanical structures containing NV centers. We establish the principles for nanomechanical sensing using such nano-spinmechanical sensors (NSMS) and assess their potential for mass spectrometry and force microscopy. We predict that NSMS are able to provide unprecedented AC force images of cellular biomechanics and to, not only detect the mass of a single macromolecule, but also image its distribution. When combined with the other nanometrology modes of the NV center, NSMS potentially offer unparalleled analytical power at the nanoscale. TEXTNanomechanical sensors based upon nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are a burgeoning nanotechnology with diverse microscopy and analytical applications in biology and chemistry. Two applications with particular promise are force microscopy in geometries that transcend the constraints of conventional atomic force microscopy (AFM) 1-3 and on-chip mass spectrometry with single molecule sensitivity. [4][5][6] Another burgeoning nanotechnology is quantum nanosensors based upon the electron spin of the NV center in diamond. The NV center has been 3 used to locate single elementary charges, 7 to perform thermometry within living cells 8 and to realize nanoscale MRI in ambient conditions. 9-11 However, there is yet to be a nanosensing application of the NV center that exploits its susceptibility to local mechanical stress/ strain.Here, we propose that the mechanical susceptibility of the NV center's electron spin can be exploited together with the extreme mechanical properties of diamond nanomechanical structures to realize nano-spin-mechanical sensors (NSMS) that outperform the best available technology. Such NSMS will be capable of both high-sensitivity nanomechanical sensing and the quantum nanosensing of electric fields, magnetic fields and temperature. NSMS will thereby constitute the unification of two burgeoning nanotechnologies and have the potential to perform such unparalleled analytical feats as mass-spectrometry and MRI of single molecules. As the first step towards realizing NSMS, we report the complete characterization of the spin-mechanical interaction of the NV center. We use this to establish the design and operating principles of diamond NSMS and to perfor...

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“…Low (a few keV) energy is necessary for achieving a positioning accuracy in the nanometer range, however the yield of conversion of nitrogen to NV centres during annealing is low in this case (a few percents, due to an insuffcient number of vacancies, to surface trapping of vacancies during annealing, and to higher NV 0 /NV -ratio). A striking recent demonstration [32] shows that high spatial accuracy of NV implantation can be realised using novel implantation/detection technology. Since dopants are buried into the diamond lattice, scanning probe techniques like AFM or STM cannot be used to characterise the created arrays.…”

Section: Materials and Defects Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the successful application of existing high resolution techniques on the NV centres has paved the way for many NV based applications which were not possible before. The demonstration of STED with NV centre opened new avenues both in terms of nanofabrication [32] of NV centres and in terms of spin manipulation without diffraction limitation. The fi rst application of STED microscopy using albuminconjugated fl uorescent NDs has been recently demonstrated [60] .…”

Section: Nanoscopy and Sub-diffraction Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers in diffraction unlimited optical methods for spin manipulation, magnetic field sensing and imaging using diamond nitrogen vacancy defects

Castelletto

2012

Nanophotonics

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The nitrogen vacancy defect centre in diamond has attracted intense research interest owing to their appealing optical and electronic properties, which have laid the ground for new approaches for diffraction unlimited optical methods. In particular, the optical detected magnetic resonance of the electron spin of nitrogen vacancy centre at room temperature underpins many areas in nanophotonics, spintronics and quantum optics. This article reviews the recent development of superresolution imaging and sensing nanoscopy based on this fascinating defect centre in diamond. These breakthroughs are presently indicating a new class of nanoscale sensors of tiny magnetic and electric fi elds at room temperature, as well as emerging fl uorescent and magnetic probes for next generation nanoscopy and all-optical spin recording.

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Nanoscale Engineering and Optical Addressing of Single Spins in Diamond

Cited by 110 publications

References 25 publications

Diamond Nanophotonics

Diamond Nanophotonics

Nanomechanical Sensing Using Spins in Diamond

Frontiers in diffraction unlimited optical methods for spin manipulation, magnetic field sensing and imaging using diamond nitrogen vacancy defects

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