Nanotubular Oxide Layer Formed on Helix Surfaces of Dental Screw Implants

Abstract

Surface modification is used to extend the life of implants. To increase the corrosion resistance and improve the biocompatibility of metal implant materials, oxidation of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr titanium alloy was used. The samples used for the research had the shape of a helix with a metric thread, with their geometry imitating a dental implant. The oxide layer was produced by a standard electrochemical method in an environment of 1M H3PO4 + 0.3% HF for 20 min, at a constant voltage of 30 V. The oxidized samples were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. Nanotubular oxide layers with internal diameters of 30–80 nm were found. An analysis of the surface topography was performed using an optical microscope, and the Sa parameter was determined for the top of the helix and for the bottom, where a significant difference in value was observed. The presence of the modification layer, visible at the bottom of the helix, was confirmed by analyzing the sample cross-sections using computed tomography. Corrosion tests performed in the artificial saliva solution demonstrated higher corrosion current and less noble corrosion potential due to incomplete surface coverage and pitting. Necessary improved oxidation parameters will be applied in future work.

Mechanical Behavior of Bi-Layer and Dispersion Coatings Composed of Several Nanostructures on Ti13Nb13Zr Alloy

“…Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) demonstrate unique properties, such as high aspect ratio, enhanced tensile (tensile strength up to 30 GPa [ 1 ]) and elastic properties (elastic modulus of 1 TPa or more [ 1 ]), and excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, resulting from their unique molecular structure and dependent on the synthesis method [ 2 ]. Extraordinary high mechanical properties led to extensive research on the use of CNTs as a reinforcing agent to produce composites [ 3 , 4 , 5 ] and laminar coatings [ 5 ] with various materials, such as Al 2 O 3 [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], hydroxyapatite (HAp) [ 4 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], titanium [ 4 ], titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) [ 5 , 8 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) [ 17 , 18 ], nickel [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], aluminum [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], chromium [ 26 ], and copper [ 22 ].…”

Cytocompatibility, antibacterial, and corrosion properties of chitosan/polymethacrylates and chitosan/poly(4‐vinylpyridine) smart coatings, electrophoretically deposited on nanosilver‐decorated titania nanotubes

“…The last effect can be due to the non-uniformity of the formed nanotubular oxide layer and the appearance of corrosion channels under the action of SBF. 43 For the coated samples, a small deterioration of corrosion resistance can be also considered due to their susceptibility to degradation enhanced by a change in potential and local acidification. In this condition, the dissolution of silver must be also expected.…”

“…The samples after electrochemical oxidation only were the least resistant to corrosion (within the limits of an experimental error). The last effect can be due to the non‐uniformity of the formed nanotubular oxide layer and the appearance of corrosion channels under the action of SBF 43 . For the coated samples, a small deterioration of corrosion resistance can be also considered due to their susceptibility to degradation enhanced by a change in potential and local acidification.…”

Properties of Flame Spraying Coatings Reinforced with Particles of Carbon Nanotubes

“…Publications on this topic concern various aspects such as fabrication [17][18][19][20], microstructure [21,22], modelling of mechanical properties and the chemical interaction between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and metals [9,[23][24][25]. Nanotechnology had a strong influence on the direction of the research in the field of surface engineering and related production technology of surface layers and coatings [26,27]. Nowadays, it is possible to use thermal spraying methods for producing not only conventional tribological coatings with specific frictional characteristics (high or low coefficient of friction) and resistance to wear, erosion or corrosion [28][29][30][31][32].…”