Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization among Kenyan children: antibiotic resistance, strain types and associations with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

Rusen, Ira David; Fraser-Roberts, Leigh; Slaney, L; Ombette, John; Lovgren, Marguerite; Datta, Pratibha; Ndinya-Achola, Jackoniah O.; Talbot, James; Nagelkerke, Nicolaas; Plummer, Francis A.; Embreé, Joanne

doi:10.1097/00006454-199707000-00007

Cited by 45 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A alta incidência de doença pneumocócica e a profilaxia com SMT-TMP não foram relacionadas com colonização nasofaríngea. O estudo de Rusen et al 7 , no Quênia, avaliou 207 crianças menores de 5 anos, infectadas pelo HIV, indeterminadas e não infectadas, através de várias visitas (no máximo cinco) com avaliação clínica e coleta de swab nasal. A colonização apresentou-se diferente entre os grupos apenas quando havia doença respiratória concomitante.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Não foram observadas diferenças em nível de colonização quando as crianças estavam assintomáticas (20% de 35, 35% de 94 e 22% de 101). A colonização não foi associada à febre, falha de crescimento ou amamentação no período da visita, ou à medicação prévia para tosse ou uso de antibiótico durante o mês antes da visita 7 . Outro estudo sobre colonização pneumocócica envolvendo crianças infectadas pelo HIV e grupo controle encontrou diferença na prevalência, provavelmente relacionada à variação de faixa etária entre os dois grupos, que não foram estratificados.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Nossos achados foram similares àqueles obtidos em estudo realizado em São Paulo com crianças menores de 5 anos que apresentavam quadro clínico compatível com rinofaringite aguda; a resistência à penicilina foi de 15,6%, com nenhuma cepa com resistência elevada 16 . Em relação às taxas de resistência encontradas entre os estudos envolvendo populações soropositivas para o HIV, existem discrepâncias; Rusen et al 7 constataram que 60,8% de 92 isolados testados foram resistentes à penicilina. Não houve associação entre resistência à penicilina e infecção HIV; enquanto 60% das cepas isoladas exibiram resistência intermediária à penicilina, não foi observado alto nível de resistência.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A responsabilidade pelo aumento de doença pneumocócica em indivíduos HIV provavelmente não é resultado do aumento de colonização e, portanto, talvez seja relacionada à disfunção imune sistêmica 7 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Cardoso

Cervi²,

Cintra³

et al. 2006

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objectives: To determine the prevalence of pneumococcus colonization among HIV-infected outpatients aged 0 to 18 years. To determine the resistance to penicillin of the microorganisms observed, to identify their serotypes, and to determine whether there are associations between known risk factors and colonization in this group. Material and method:This was an observational and crosssectional study in which nasopharynx swabs were collected from 112 children on the occasion of their monthly appointments and a questionnaire applied to the mothers. The material collected was processed at the microbiology laboratory of the hospital in accordance with National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) regulations and serotyping was performed at the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC). Data were analyzed statistically using the chi-square test and with univariate and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression. Results:The prevalence rate of nasopharyngeal colonization by pneumococci was 28.6%, with a 15.6% rate of resistance to penicillin (6.2% intermediate resistance and 9.4% full resistance). The serotypes identified were 6A, 6B, 7C, 9V, 11A, 13, 14, 15A, 16F, 18C, 19B, 19F, 23B, 23F, and 34. In this population there were no associations between pneumococcal colonization and the risk factors studied. Conclusions:The prevalence of pneumococcal colonization among HIV-infected children at our service was not higher than prevalence rates observed in healthy children and reported in the literature.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Cardoso

Cervi²,

Cintra³

et al. 2006

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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“…7 Although the elevated predisposition of HIV-positive children to contract invasive bacterial diseases has been documented, 2 there are few studies that describe the differences in colonization patterns and antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria found in children infected with HIV. Polack et al 8 did not observe differences in rates of colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae between HIV-positive children, children with as yet indeterminate HIV infections and their uninfected controls (20% against 19%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonização nasofaríngea por Streptococcus pneumoniae em crianças com infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana

Cardoso

Cervi²,

Cintra³

et al. 2006

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objectives: To determine the prevalence of pneumococcus colonization among HIV-infected outpatients aged 0 to 18 years. To determine the resistance to penicillin of the microorganisms observed, to identify their serotypes, and to determine whether there are associations between known risk factors and colonization in this group. Material and method:This was an observational and cross-sectional study in which nasopharynx swabs were collected from 112 children on the occasion of their monthly appointments and a questionnaire applied to the mothers. The material collected was processed at the microbiology laboratory of the hospital in accordance with National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) regulations and serotyping was performed at the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC). Data were analyzed statistically using the chi-square test and with univariate and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression. Results:The prevalence rate of nasopharyngeal colonization by pneumococci was 28.6%, with a 15.6% rate of resistance to penicillin (6.2% intermediate resistance and 9.4% full resistance). The serotypes identified were 6A, 6B, 7C, 9V, 11A, 13, 14, 15A, 16F, 18C, 19B, 19F, 23B, 23F, and 34. In this population there were no associations between pneumococcal colonization and the risk factors studied. Conclusions:The prevalence of pneumococcal colonization among HIV-infected children at our service was not higher than prevalence rates observed in healthy children and reported in the literature.

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Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia with consolidation on x-ray in children under two years of age

Lucero

Dulalia

Parreno

et al. 2004

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization among Kenyan children: antibiotic resistance, strain types and associations with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

Cited by 45 publications

References 47 publications

Nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Colonização nasofaríngea por Streptococcus pneumoniae em crianças com infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia with consolidation on x-ray in children under two years of age

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