National Trends of Bladder Cancer and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water: A Review and Multicountry Ecological Study

Amato, Heather K.

doi:10.1177/1559325818807781

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…But, as the liver and kidney are the most common target organs for toxicity, they are most likely to develop tumors in humans (5). In a recently published systematic review with the aim of detecting the populations and regions vulnerable to bladder and colorectal cancer due to exposure of DBPs, the incidence of the mentioned cancers among different groups of people have been discussed; furthermore, it has been determined that socio-demographic characteristics may play an important role as risk factors (40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Water Disinfection By-products and Their Carcinogenicity; A Review of an Unseen Crisis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: Cancer continues to be the first cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world, while the incidence of cancer is expected to increase by 50% over the next 20 years. Since the incidence of most of the cancers is increasing daily, it has been more important to find related environmental risk factors. The epidemiological evidence indicates the effect of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) through drinking water, as an environmental exposure, on most of the cancers. The goal of the current study was to combine the results of most recent publications regarding the relationship between DBPs and their carcinogenic effects. Evidence Acquisition: Using the main keywords of "cancer", "drinking water", and "disinfection byproducts", a comprehensive search was done among several research databases. Results: Based on the previous studies, DBPs could cause most types of cancers, mainly including gastrointestinal, renal, bladder, breast, liver, and thyroid cancers. Liver and renal cancers are the most common target organs for toxicity by DBPs. Among the various DBPs, trihalomethanes are the most studied due to their relatively high prevalence and concentration in drinking water. Also, haloacetic acids, such as trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid, have been known as one of the most affecting risk factors. Unregulated DBPs, such as Mutagen X and Formaldehyde, are also of importance as they mostly have irreversible systemic effects. Providing safe drinking water resources, restriction of unreasonable usage of disinfectants, and alternating disinfectants with less harmful products could be the possible ways to overcome this crisis. Conclusions: Disinfection byproducts can result in cancer development, especially in liver and kidneys. Providing safe drinking water resources, using the membrane filters and changing the chlorination point are effective ways to encounter the risk of DBP poisoning.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Water Disinfection By-products and Their Carcinogenicity; A Review of an Unseen Crisis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Guidelines and standards exist for the major halogenated DBPs on the basis of conservative assumptions with large margins of safety and on the basis of lifetime exposures. THMs are not carcinogenic in bioassay animal tests conducted in water rather than in corn oil (Cotruvo & Amato 2019).…”

Section: Balancing Risksmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Although several of these organic halogenated byproducts have been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals given high doses, evidence for effects in humans remains inconclusive even after significant research (Cotruvo & Amato 2019, Goslan & Hassard 2019, Hrudey & Fawell 2015, Hrudey et al 2015). A few epidemiological studies have suggested a small association between THMs and bladder cancer in men, but the evidence is insufficient to demonstrate that the association is causal (Cotruvo & Amato 2019). So, while it is reasonable to take steps to minimize DBP formation from supplemental disinfection, control of Legionella should never be compromised, especially in high‐risk facilities.…”

Section: Balancing Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

In many cases, treating only the hot water supply simplifies DBP concerns and provides sufficient protection against legionellosis risks without significant DBP issues.…”

Section: Balancing Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Considering Risks When Managing Legionella Growth in Plumbing

Fawell¹

2021

Journal AWWA

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key Takeaways By understanding conditions in their customers’ plumbing systems, water utilities can select primary and supplemental treatment approaches to reduce public health concerns related to regrowth of Legionella. Because biofilm allows Legionella and other microorganisms to shelter from disinfectant residuals, controlling it is key to preventing bacterial regrowth in premise plumbing systems. Supplemental disinfection approaches include chemical disinfection, shock heat treatment, shock chlorination, and abrasive scouring.

show abstract

“…THMs are a cause of great concern in drinking WTPs due to their probable cancer and non-cancer risk on human health 16,17 . Number of studies all across the world has reported cancer and non-cancer risk of THMs for individual age groups, and for male and female as well 2,18–21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response surface methodological (RSM) approach for optimizing the removal of trihalomethanes (THMs) and its precursor’s by surfactant modified magnetic nanoadsorbents (sMNP) - An endeavor to diminish probable cancer risk

Kumari

Gupta

2019

Sci Rep

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used for optimization of the process parameters and identifying the optimal conditions for the removal of both trihalomethanes (THMs) and natural organic matter (NOM) in drinking water supplies. Co-precipitation process was employed for the synthesis of magnetic nano-adsorbent (sMNP), and were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), trans-emission electron microscopy (TEM), BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and zeta potential. Box-Behnken experimental design combined with response surface and optimization was used to predict THM and NOM in drinking water supplies. Variables were concentration of sMNP (0.1 g to 5 g), pH (4–10) and reaction time (5 min to 90 min). Statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to identify the adequacy of the developed model, and revealed good agreement between the experimental data and proposed model. The experimentally derived RSM model was validated using t-test and a range of statistical parameters. The observed R2 value, adj. R2, pred. R2 and “F-values” indicates that the developed THM and NOM models are significant. Risk analysis study revealed that under the RSM optimized conditions, a marked reduction in the cancer risk of THMs was observed for both the groups studied. Therefore, the study observed that the developed process and models can be efficiently applied for the removal of both THM and NOM from drinking water supplies.

show abstract

National Trends of Bladder Cancer and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water: A Review and Multicountry Ecological Study

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Drinking Water Disinfection By-products and Their Carcinogenicity; A Review of an Unseen Crisis

Drinking Water Disinfection By-products and Their Carcinogenicity; A Review of an Unseen Crisis

Considering Risks When Managing Legionella Growth in Plumbing

Response surface methodological (RSM) approach for optimizing the removal of trihalomethanes (THMs) and its precursor’s by surfactant modified magnetic nanoadsorbents (sMNP) - An endeavor to diminish probable cancer risk

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About