Nb2C MXene-Functionalized Scaffolds Enables Osteosarcoma Phototherapy and Angiogenesis/Osteogenesis of Bone Defects

Abstract

Early surgical resection and chemotherapy of bone cancer are commonly used in the treatment of bone tumor, but it is still highly challenging to prevent recurrence and fill the bone defect caused by the resection site. In this work, we report a rational integration of photonic-responsive two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin niobium carbide (Nb2C) MXene nanosheets (NSs) into the 3D-printed bone-mimetic scaffolds (NBGS) for osteosarcoma treatment. The integrated 2D Nb2C-MXene NSs feature specific photonic response in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) biowindow with high tissue-penetrating depth, making it highly efficient in killing bone cancer cells. Importantly, Nb-based species released by the biodegradation of Nb2C MXene can obviously promote the neogenesis and migration of blood vessels in the defect site, which can transport more oxygen, vitamins and energy around the bone defect for the reparative process, and gather more immune cells around the defect site to accelerate the degradation of NBGS. The degradation of NBGS provides sufficient space for the bone remodeling. Besides, calcium and phosphate released during the degradation of the scaffold can promote the mineralization of new bone tissue. The intrinsic multifunctionality of killing bone tumor cell and promoting angiogenesis and bone regeneration makes the engineered Nb2C MXene-integrated composite scaffolds a distinctive implanting biomaterial on the efficient treatment of bone tumor.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Pt/Nb2CTx MXene Composites for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

“…The general formula of MXene is M n+1 X n T x (n = 2–4); the layers containing the transition metals are exposed outside of the structure and T x generally stands for surface termination groups containing OH*, O* and F* [ 20 , 21 ]. The excellent electronic conductivity, volumetric capacitance, and chemical stability of MXene make it favorable as a promising support material for metal nanostructures and it is widely used in energy conversion and storage, sensing, biomedicine and other fields [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The mechanical exfoliation and downsizing of layered MXene at room temperature can significantly expose more electrochemical active sites and increase surface-to-volume ratio.…”

Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy: Stimuli‐Responsive, Toxicity, Immunogenicity, and Clinical Translation

“…Another study deployed 2D ultrathin niobium carbide MXene nanosheets as a strong photosensitive agent for BG scaffolds. [ 174 ] Another easy‐to‐use, innovative, and effective approach was adopted by Liu et al. [ 165 ] through doping different metallic elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Co) into the BG structure.…”

“…Another study deployed 2D ultrathin niobium carbide MXene nanosheets as a strong photosensitive agent for BG scaffolds. [174] Another easy-to-use, innovative, and effective approach was adopted by Liu et al [165] through doping different metallic elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Co) into the BG structure. Besides the antibacterial properties of Cu and Co ions, they can induce angiogenesis, and Mn and Fe ions have stimulatory effects on bone mesenchymal stem cells.…”

Research Progress on MXenes: Preparation, Property and Application in Tumor Theranostics

“…MXenes 具有良好的生物相容性，部分 MXenes 材料在生物体内可降解，因此在骨组织工程中具有 重要应用价值。Chen 课题组 [82] 脂多糖分子形成氢键， 从而阻止细菌摄取营养物质， 抑制细菌生长 [13] 。MXenes 的这一抗菌性能亦有利 于肿瘤手术后的伤口抗菌。 [81] 和(b)骨组织工程中的应用示意图 [82] Fig. 7 Schematic diagrams of the application of MXenes nanomaterials in (a) biosensing [81] and (b) bone tissue engineering [82]…”