Nephrotic syndrome and acute kidney injury induced by malathion toxicity

Yokota, Kazuhisa; Fukuda, Masakazu; Katafuchi, Ritsuko; Okamoto, Tadashi

doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-220733

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Recently, Yokota et al 2017 reported a case of acute renal injury and nephrotic syndrome in a man 15 days after MAL inhalation, associated with proteinuria, abnormality in serum creatinine, and glomerular and tubular damage. Recovery took about 6 weeks under steroid therapy (Yokota et al 2017). A similar case report of acute renal failure associated with MAL inhalation was previously reported by Albright et al (1983).…”

Section: Malathion-induced Nephrotoxicitysupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Histopathologically, MAL treatment induced renal degenerative changes including cloudy swelling and cellular desquamations, as well as swollen and pleomorphic mitochondria (Keadtisuke et al 1989;Al-Attar 2010). It was also found that MAL induces an oxidative stress status in the renal tissues, which mostly accounts for increased lipid peroxidation and depletion of GSH, GPx, catalase, and SOD (Baiomy et al 2015;Coban et al 2015;Yokota et al 2017;Selmi et al 2018).…”

Section: Malathion-induced Nephrotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The use of anti-inflammatory drugs was associated with improved neurobehavioral performance and reduced neurodegeneration in the nigrostriatal system (Ahmed et al 2017). Another study showed that the use of dexamethasone improved a case of nephrotic syndrome that was associated with MAL (Yokota et al 2017). Further studies regarding the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory drugs against MAL-induced toxicity are needed.…”

Section: Novel Treatments For Mal Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organophosphate toxicity: updates of malathion potential toxic effects in mammals and potential treatments

Badr

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

111

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Organophosphorus insecticides toxicity is still considered a major global health problem. Malathion is one of the most commonly used organophosphates nowadays, as being considered to possess relatively low toxicity compared with other organophosphates. However, widespread use may lead to excessive exposure from multiple sources. Mechanisms of MAL toxicity include inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme, change of oxidants/antioxidants balance, DNA damage, and facilitation of apoptotic cell damage. Exposure to malathion has been associated with different toxicities that nearly affect every single organ in our bodies, with CNS toxicity being the most well documented. Malathion toxic effects on liver, kidney, testis, ovaries, lung, pancreas, and blood were also reported. Moreover, malathion was considered as a genotoxic and carcinogenic chemical compound. Evidence exists for adverse effects associated with prenatal and postnatal exposure in both animals and humans. This review summarizes the toxic data available about malathion in mammals and discusses new potential therapeutic modalities, with the aim to highlight the importance of increasing awareness about its potential risk and reevaluation of the allowed daily exposure level.

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Section: Malathion-induced Nephrotoxicitysupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Malathion-induced Nephrotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Novel Treatments For Mal Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organophosphate toxicity: updates of malathion potential toxic effects in mammals and potential treatments

Badr

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

111

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“…Due to oxidative stress and negative alterations on antioxidant enzyme activities, the toxic effects of malathion on liver, erythrocytes, reproductive system and kidneys have been investigated in experimental studies (11)(12)(13)(14). In some of these studies, it has been revealed that Malathion shows its harmful effects on kidneys by reduced total renal cell numbers (15), glomerular inflammation (16), histological and functional impairment of renal tubules (17,18), proteinuria (19) and nephrotic syndrome (20). Whether this toxic effect of malathion on the kidneys is caused by the negative effect on the oxidant and antioxidant system has not yet been sufficiently revealed in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acute Malathion Exposure on Renal Oxidant and Antioxidant Balance in Rats

2021

GMJ

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Objective: Pesticides have been used in agriculture to enhance food production by eradicating undesired insects and controlling disease vectors. Malathion is one of the most widely used organophosphate pesticides. However, it has been postulated that organophosphate pesticides lead to oxidative stress through formation of excessive reactive oxygen species and disrupting the antioxidant defense systems. Methods: Four groups (n=6) were designed to evaluate the effects of different doses of acute malathion exposure on rat kidney. Control group was given only corn oil. Malathion dissolved in corn oil was administered to Group 2 (100 mg/kg), Group 3 (200 mg/kg) and Group 4 (400 mg/kg) via oral gavage. The rats were sacrificed after 24 hours and renal tissue supernatants are analyzed to determine cholinesterase (ChE) activity, total oxidant status (TOS), TNF-α, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and paraoxonase 1-arylesterase activity (PON1-ARE). Results: ChE activities decreased, TOS levels and TNF-α levels increased in all experimental groups compared with control group (p'<0.05). AGEs levels of the high dose group elevated significantly compared with control and group 3 (p'<0.05). SOD levels of group 3 and 4, and MDA levels of group 3 showed an increase compared with control group, however this did not reach statistical significance (p'=0.054). PON1-ARE levels diminished in group 3 and 4 compared with control (p'<0.05). AOPP levels did not change significantly (p'=0.735). Conclusion:Acute exposure to malathion disrupts the oxidant-antioxidant balance and causes oxidative stress in kidneys.

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“…3,9 Moreover, studies also reported the harmful effects of Malathion on the different tissues and organs of the body of humans and animals. 10,11 The liver is not only a vital organ but also a chief metabolizing site for the bio-transformation of Malathion and its toxic metabolites. Hepatic tissues are considered to be the most exposed tissues to Malathion toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histomorphometric Alterations in Hepatic Tissue from Malathion-Induced Toxicity: An Experimental Animal Study

Channar

Qazi

Almani

et al. 2021

J Islamabad Med Dental Coll

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Background: Malathion, a widely used insecticide readily absorbed through skin and seriously affects different tissues and organs of the body. The main objective of this study was to compare the histomorphometric alterations resulting from hazardous effects of different doses of Malathion on hepatic tissue of male albino Wistar rats. Material and Methods: This animal experimental study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy and Postgraduate Research Laboratory at the Isra University, Hyderabad, Sindh Pakistan from February to July 2019. Thirty male albino Wistar rats between 250-300 grams weight were distributed equally into group A (control), group B (low-dose Malathion group; 27mg/kg 1/50 of LD50), and group C (high-dose Malathion group; 50mg/kg). Bodyweight of all rats was taken twice, before and after the experiment. The liver was dissected out, washed and weighed. Histopathological examination was done under the light microscope. Grading was done for severity in histopathological changes in each group. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Post-hoc Tukey test for comparison with the level of significance set at P-value ≤ .05. Results: Statistically significant (P < .05) decline in body weight was observed in groups B and C in comparison with group A. The relative weight of the liver was increased significantly (P < .05) in the experimental groups, when compared with the control group. Mild-to-moderate histopathological changes were observed in the low-dose Malathion group (Group B) while moderate-to-severe histopathological changes were demonstrated in the high-dose group (Group C). Conclusions: Malathion is a potent toxic pesticide and its exposure can exhibit damage to the hepatic tissues in a dose-dependent manner.

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Nephrotic syndrome and acute kidney injury induced by malathion toxicity

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Organophosphate toxicity: updates of malathion potential toxic effects in mammals and potential treatments

Organophosphate toxicity: updates of malathion potential toxic effects in mammals and potential treatments

Effects of Acute Malathion Exposure on Renal Oxidant and Antioxidant Balance in Rats

Histomorphometric Alterations in Hepatic Tissue from Malathion-Induced Toxicity: An Experimental Animal Study

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