Nested prospectivity in perception: Perceived maximum reaching height reflects anticipated changes in reaching ability

Wagman, Jeffrey B.; Morgan, Lydia L.

doi:10.3758/pbr.17.6.905

Cited by 33 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Many experiments investigating perception of affordances have shown a discrepancy between the perceptual and actual boundaries for a given behavior (e.g., Cole et al, 2013;Higuchi et al, 2004;Wagman & Morgan, 2010). One possible contributing explanation for such findings is that in such studies, the perceptual task was isolated from the larger context in which it occurred and that this transformed what would have been a perception-action task into an analytical judgment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One disadvantage of doing so is that it may require the participant to switch between performing perception-action and analytic tasks (see Heft, 1993). To this end, it may be instructive to manipulate attention by embedding one perception-action task within another perception-action task (e.g., Wagman et al, 2016;Wagman & Morgan, 2010). Employing this particular manipulation to the paradigm developed by Heft may also be a topic for future research.…”

Section: Nesting As a Contraint On Perception And Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, research has shown that novice wheelchair users generally overestimated their ability to roll through an aperture (Higuchi, Takada, Matsuura, & Imanaka, 2004), and toddlers overestimated their ability to walk down slopes (Adolph, 2008). It is also does not explain cases in which perceivers underestimate their ability to perform a behavior that poses little or no accident or injury risk (e.g., overhead reaching while standing on the floor; Wagman & Morgan, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is, such experiments have shown that perception of affordances was not perfectly action scaled. For example, in such experiments, people have generally underestimated maximum reaching height (Wagman & Morgan, 2010), maximum leaping distance (Cole, Chan, Vereijken, & Adolph, 2013;Day, Wagman & Smith, 2015), and their ability to stand on an inclined surface while wearing a weighted backpack (Regia-Corte & Wagman, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is, such research has shown that perception of affordances is action-scaled. For example, researchers have found that perception of whether a surface could be stood on depended on the length, strength, and flexbility of the legs (Konczak, Meeuwsen, & Cress 1992;Warren, 1984), perception of whether an object could be reached reflected (impending changes to) reaching ability (Carello, Grosofsky, Reichel, Solomon, & Turvey, 1989;Wagman & Morgan, 2010), and perception of whether a surface could be stood on reflected how a weighted backpack changed the person's center of mass (Regia-Corte & Wagman, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Nesting in perception of affordances for stepping and leaping

Wagman

Bai

Smith

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Perception of affordances for a given behavior typically reflects the task-specific action capabilities of the perceiver. However, many experiments have shown a discrepancy between the perceptual and behavioral boundaries for a given behavior. One possibility for such a discrepancy is that the context of many experimental tasks transformed what is typically a dynamic perception-action task into an analytical or reflective judgment. We investigated this hypothesis with respect to perception of maximum stepping and leaping distance. For both behaviors, perception of these affordances more closely reflected action capabilities when the perceptual task was nested within a superordinate task than when it was not (regardless of whether the behavior itself was performed). Additionally, verbal reports of perception of maximum leaping distance more closely reflected action capabilities when there was an explicit time limit on such reports. The results are discussed in the context of the ecological principle of nesting and in attentional focus during motor control tasks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nesting As a Contraint On Perception And Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nesting in perception of affordances for stepping and leaping

Wagman

Bai

Smith

2016

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Perception of maximum reaching height reflects impending changes in reaching ability and improvements transfer to unpracticed reaching tasks

Wagman

2012

Exp Brain Res

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Perception of whether a given behavior is possible typically reflects a person's action capabilities even before the behavior is performed and even when the person has undergone recent changes to their action capabilities. Importantly, perception of affordances for a given behavior also reflects impending changes to action capabilities. Two experiments investigated perception of affordances for reaching when the means of reaching would bring about changes in reaching ability. Experiment 1 found that perception of maximum reaching height is relative to impending changes brought on by a change in posture and use of a hand-held tool. Experiment 2 found that practice performing a reaching task in which reaching ability is unchanged is sufficient to bring about improvements in perception of maximum reaching height when the means of reaching would change reaching ability. The results are discussed in the context of the prospectivity of perception of affordances, and the experiences that may be necessary to bring about (transfer of) improvements in perception of affordances.

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Can perception of aperture passability be improved immediately after practice in actual passage? Dissociation between walking and wheelchair use

2013

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Perception of the fit between a person's action capabilities and relevant environmental properties (i.e., affordances) is often fine tuned gradually through experience performing a behavior. However, the immediate effect of such practice on the improvement of affordance perception is unclear. The present study was designed to examine whether a critical factor in the immediate effect of such practice is the opportunity to detect very fine differences between possible and impossible behaviors [i.e., high-resolution (HR) practice]. Participants reported whether apertures of various widths were passable when walking while holding a 69-cm horizontal bar (Experiment 1) or when using a wheelchair (Experiment 2). When practicing passing through apertures, seven different aperture widths, including their minimum passable width (70 cm for both experiments) were presented around the affordance boundary with 1- or 5-cm increments for the HR or low-resolution (LR) conditions, respectively. Accuracy of perception of passability improved following both HR and LR practice when walking. In contrast, no improvement was observed in any condition when using a wheelchair. These findings suggest that the immediate effect of practice was mediated by the form of locomotion but not the resolution of the practice.

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Nested prospectivity in perception: Perceived maximum reaching height reflects anticipated changes in reaching ability

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Nesting in perception of affordances for stepping and leaping

Nesting in perception of affordances for stepping and leaping

Perception of maximum reaching height reflects impending changes in reaching ability and improvements transfer to unpracticed reaching tasks

Can perception of aperture passability be improved immediately after practice in actual passage? Dissociation between walking and wheelchair use

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