Neuromuscular Performance of Explosive Power Athletes versus Untrained Individuals

Tillin, Neale A.; Jiménez-Reyes, Pedro; Pain, Matthew T.G.; Folland, Jonathan P.

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181be9c7e

Cited by 228 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The peak isometric knee extension torque was identified as the highest of the angle-specific peak torques. The rate of torque development trial at the angle corresponding to peak isometric torque was used to obtain the rate of change of joint torque in 50 ms intervals (RTD 0-50 , RTD 50-100 , RTD 100-150 ) from 0-150 ms after the onset of contraction (identified manually; Tillin, Jimenez-Reyes, Pain, & Folland, 2010). This enabled the investigation of the earlier agonist neural drive dominated and later maximal voluntary torque dominated rate of torque development (Andersen & Aagaard, 2006;Tillin, Pain, & Folland, 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of countermovement jump performance: a kinetic and kinematic analysis

McErlain-Naylor

King

Pain

2014

Journal of Sports Sciences

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This study aimed to investigate the contributions of kinetic and kinematic parameters to inter-individual variation in countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. Two-dimensional kinematic data and ground reaction forces during a CMJ were recorded for 18 males of varying jumping experience.Ten kinetic and eight kinematic parameters were determined for each performance, describing peak lower-limb joint torques and powers, concentric knee extension rate of torque development, and CMJ technique. Participants also completed a series of isometric knee extensions to measure rate of torque development and peak torque. CMJ height ranged from 0.38 -0.73 m (mean 0.55 ± 0.09 m). CMJ peak knee power, peak ankle power, and take-off shoulder angle explained 74% of this observed variation. CMJ kinematic (58%) and CMJ kinetic (57%) parameters explained a much larger proportion of the jump height variation than the isometric parameters (18%), suggesting that coachable technique factors and the joint kinetics during the jump are important determinants of CMJ performance. Technique, specifically greater ankle plantar-flexion and shoulder flexion at take-off (together explaining 58% of the CMJ height variation), likely influences the extent to which maximal muscle capabilities can be utilised during the jump.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of countermovement jump performance: a kinetic and kinematic analysis

McErlain-Naylor

King

Pain

2014

Journal of Sports Sciences

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“…(iii) Electrical stimulation Using previously published methods [3,18], the femoral nerve was electrically stimulated (DS7AH, Digitimer Ltd., UK) with square wave pulses (0.1 ms duration) while participants were voluntarily passive to elicit explosive octet contractions (via eight pulses at 300 Hz) and compound muscle action potentials (M-waves; via a single pulse). At a knee angle of 1018, a series of single pulses were elicited at incremental current intensities until a maximal current intensity (simultaneous plateau in torque and M-wave response of each muscle) was achieved.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contraction type influences the human ability to use the available torque capacity of skeletal muscle during explosive efforts

2012

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The influence of contraction type on the human ability to use the torque capacity of skeletal muscle during explosive efforts has not been documented. Fourteen male participants completed explosive voluntary contractions of the knee extensors in four separate conditions: concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC); and isometric at two knee angles (1018, ISO101 and 1558, ISO155). In each condition, torque was measured at 25 ms intervals up to 150 ms from torque onset, and then normalized to the maximum voluntary torque (MVT) specific to that joint angle and angular velocity. Explosive voluntary torque after 50 ms in each condition was also expressed as a percentage of torque generated after 50 ms during a supramaximal 300 Hz electrically evoked octet in the same condition. Explosive voluntary torque normalized to MVT was more than 60 per cent larger in CON than any other condition after the initial 25 ms. The percentage of evoked torque expressed after 50 ms of the explosive voluntary contractions was also greatest in CON (ANOVA; p , 0.001), suggesting higher concentric volitional activation. This was confirmed by greater agonist electromyography normalized to M max (recorded during the explosive voluntary contractions) in CON. These results provide novel evidence that the ability to use the muscle's torque capacity explosively is influenced by contraction type, with concentric contractions being more conducive to explosive performance due to a more effective neural strategy.

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“…During 240 explosive contractions, the sEMG RMS from all muscles was determined in time 241 periods of 0-50, 50-100 and 100-150 ms, from the onset of sEMG activity in the first 242 agonist muscle to be activated. As with the onset of force, agonist sEMG onset was 243 identified manually (Tillin et al 2010), with the y-and x-axis scales set at 100 mV 244 and 500 ms, respectively. The vertical cursor was placed on the onset and the scale 245 was reduced to 50 mV and 25 ms for the y-and x-axis, respectively, to confirm the 246 exact location of sEMG onset, i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

The contribution of muscle hypertrophy to strength changes following resistance training

2014

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Neuromuscular Performance of Explosive Power Athletes versus Untrained Individuals

Abstract: The differences in voluntary normalized RFD between athletes and controls were explained by agonist muscle neural activation and not by the similar intrinsic contractile properties of the groups.

Cited by 228 publications

References 49 publications

Determinants of countermovement jump performance: a kinetic and kinematic analysis

Determinants of countermovement jump performance: a kinetic and kinematic analysis

Contraction type influences the human ability to use the available torque capacity of skeletal muscle during explosive efforts

The contribution of muscle hypertrophy to strength changes following resistance training

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