Neurovascular Cognitive Alterations: Implication of Brain Renin–Angiotensin System

Marchese, Natalia Andrea; Casarsa, Brenda Solange; Baiardi, Gustavo; Bregonzio, Claudia

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17103-6_9

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The neurovascular unit, conformed by neurons, astrocytes and vessels (endothelial cells and pericytes), coordinates the hemodynamic response with the synaptic activity, maintaining the brain homoeostasis. Astrocytes have a central role in this neurovascular coupling, so alterations in this cell type have been associated with a broad spectrum of brain dysfunctions and pathologies (Haydon & Carmignoto, ; Marchese et al ., ). Psychostimulants, such as amphetamine (Amph) and its derivatives, increase catecholaminergic neurotransmission and elicit neuroinflammatory effects that lead to neurodegeneration processes along with glial and vascular alterations (Moratalla et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neurovascular unit alteration in somatosensory cortex and enhancement of thermal nociception induced by amphetamine involves central AT₁ receptor activation

Occhieppo

Marchese

Rodriguez

et al. 2017

Eur J of Neuroscience

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The use of psychostimulants, such as amphetamine (Amph), is associated with inflammatory processes, involving glia and vasculature alterations. Brain Angiotensin II (Ang II), through AT -receptors (AT -R), modulates neurotransmission and plays a crucial role in inflammatory responses in brain vasculature and glia. Our aim for the present work was to evaluate the role of AT -R in long-term alterations induced by repeated exposure to Amph. Astrocyte reactivity, neuronal survival and brain microvascular network were analysed at the somatosensory cortex. Thermal nociception was evaluated as a physiological outcome of this brain area. Male Wistar rats (250-320 g) were administered with AT -R antagonist Candesartan/vehicle (3 mg/kg p.o., days 1-5) and Amph/saline (2.5 mg/kg i.p., days 6-10). The four experimental groups were: Veh-Sal, CV-Sal, Veh-Amph, CV-Amph. On day 17, the animals were sacrificed and their brains were processed for Nissl staining and immunohistochemistry against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and von Willebrand factor. In another group of animals, thermal nociception was evaluated using hot plate test, in the four experimental groups, on day 17. Data were analysed with two-way anova followed by Bonferroni test. Our results indicate that Amph exposure induces an increase in: neuronal apoptosis, astrocyte reactivity and microvascular network, evaluated as an augmented occupied area by vessels, branching points and their tortuosity. Moreover, Amph exposure decreased the thermal nociception threshold. Pretreatment with the AT -R blocker prevented the described alterations induced by this psychostimulant. The decreased thermal nociception and the structural changes in somatosensory cortex could be considered as extended neuroadaptative responses to Amph, involving AT -R activation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neurovascular unit alteration in somatosensory cortex and enhancement of thermal nociception induced by amphetamine involves central AT₁ receptor activation

Occhieppo

Marchese

Rodriguez

et al. 2017

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Glial Cells in the Schizophrenia Puzzle: Angiotensin II Role

Occhieppo

Basmadjian

Marchese

et al. 2021

Psychiatry and Neuroscience Update

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Neurovascular Cognitive Alterations: Implication of Brain Renin–Angiotensin System

Cited by 2 publications

References 88 publications

Neurovascular unit alteration in somatosensory cortex and enhancement of thermal nociception induced by amphetamine involves central AT₁ receptor activation

Neurovascular unit alteration in somatosensory cortex and enhancement of thermal nociception induced by amphetamine involves central AT₁ receptor activation

Glial Cells in the Schizophrenia Puzzle: Angiotensin II Role

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Neurovascular Cognitive Alterations: Implication of Brain Renin–Angiotensin System

Cited by 2 publications

References 88 publications

Neurovascular unit alteration in somatosensory cortex and enhancement of thermal nociception induced by amphetamine involves central AT1 receptor activation

Neurovascular unit alteration in somatosensory cortex and enhancement of thermal nociception induced by amphetamine involves central AT1 receptor activation

Glial Cells in the Schizophrenia Puzzle: Angiotensin II Role

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Neurovascular unit alteration in somatosensory cortex and enhancement of thermal nociception induced by amphetamine involves central AT₁ receptor activation

Neurovascular unit alteration in somatosensory cortex and enhancement of thermal nociception induced by amphetamine involves central AT₁ receptor activation