Neutralization of Beta and Delta variant with sera of COVID-19 recovered cases and vaccinees of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine BBV152/Covaxin

Yadav, Pragya D; Sapkal, Gajanan; Ella, Raches; Sahay, Rima R.; Nyayanit, Dimpal A; Patil, Deepak Y.; Deshpande, Gururaj; Shete, Anita M.; Gupta, Nivedita; Mohan, V.; Abraham, Priya; Panda, Samiran; Bhargava, Balram

doi:10.1093/jtm/taab104

Cited by 90 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our study also demonstrated that the NAb titers in the heterologous group were significantly higher as compared to the homologous groups of CS and CV. The sera of the heterologous group was efficient in neutralizing VOCs; Alpha, Beta and Delta as we have previously reported with two doses of Covaxin and Covishield 16. 17,18 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Serendipitous COVID-19 Vaccine-Mix in Uttar Pradesh, India: Safety and Immunogenicity Assessment of a Heterologous Regime

Kant

Dwivedi

Zaman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Immunization program against COVID-19 in India started with two vaccines; AstraZeneca’s ChAdOx1-nCov-19 (termed Covishield in India) and inactivated whole virion BBV152 (Covaxin); homologous prime-boost approach was followed. However, eighteen individuals, under the national program, inadvertently received Covishield as the first jab and Covaxin as the second. We compared the safety and immunogenicity profile of them against that of individuals receiving either Covishield or Covaxin (n=40 in each group). Lower and similar adverse events following immunization in all three groups underlined the safety of the combination vaccine-regime. Immunogenicity profile against Alpha, Beta and Delta variants in heterologous group was superior; IgG antibody and neutralising antibody response of the participants was also significantly higher compared to that in the homologous groups. The findings suggest that immunization with a combination of an adenovirus vector platform-based vaccine followed by an inactivated whole virus vaccine was not only safe but also elicited better immunogenicity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Serendipitous COVID-19 Vaccine-Mix in Uttar Pradesh, India: Safety and Immunogenicity Assessment of a Heterologous Regime

Kant

Dwivedi

Zaman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…B.1.617 was found to be resistant to certain monoclonal antibodies approved for COVID-19 treatment such as Bamlanivimab and REGN10933 [ 11 , 12 ]. In India, sera neutralization studies on Covishield and Covaxin vaccine recipients showed neutralization potential against B.1.617.1 and B.1.617.2, respectively [ 32 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Pathogenesis and Host Response in Syrian Hamsters

Mohandas

Yadav

Shete

et al. 2021

Viruses

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B.1.617 is becoming a dominant Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) lineage worldwide with many sublineages, of which B.1.617.2 is designated as a variant of concern. The pathogenicity of B.1.617.2 (Delta) and B.1.617.3 lineage of SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated and compared with that of B.1, an early virus isolate with D614G mutation in a Syrian hamster model. Viral load, antibody response, and lung disease were studied. There was no significant difference in the virus shedding pattern among these variants. High levels of SARS-CoV-2 sub genomic RNA were detected in the respiratory tract of hamsters infected with the Delta variant for 14 days, which warrants further transmission studies. The Delta variant induced lung disease of moderate severity in about 40% of infected animals, which supports the attributed disease severity of the variant. Cross neutralizing antibodies were detected in animals infected with B.1, Delta, and B.1.617.3 variant, but neutralizing capacity was significantly lower with B.1.351 (Beta variant).

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“…Since the worldwide alert of VOCs, international travelers arriving at Indian airports from December 2020 to date were tracked and subjected to diagnostic testing by SARS-CoV-2 specific real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRTPCR). Genomic surveillance led to the detection of VOCs, i.e., Alpha and Beta; variants of interest (VOIs), i.e., Eta (B.1.525), Kappa (B.1.617.1), and Zeta (B.1.1.28.2); and variant under monitoring, i.e., B.1.617.3 [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 9 , 10 ]. The recent emergence of the B.1.617 lineage has created a grave public health problem in India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lineage evolved further to generate sub-lineages B.1.617.1, B.1.617.2, and B.1.617.3 [ 11 ]. The sub-lineage B.1.617.2 has gradually dominated the other variants, including B.1.617.1, B.617.3, and Alpha VOC in Maharashtra state [ 9 , 10 ]. This variant has further evolved into two new strains called Delta AY.1 and Delta AY.2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characterization and Genomic Analysis of Samples from COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections during the Second Wave among the Various States of India

Gupta

Kaur

Yadav

et al. 2021

Viruses

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From March to June 2021, India experienced a deadly second wave of COVID-19, with an increased number of post-vaccination breakthrough infections reported across the country. To understand the possible reason for these breakthroughs, we collected 677 clinical samples (throat swab/nasal swabs) of individuals from 17 states/Union Territories of the country who had received two doses (n = 592) and one dose (n = 85) of vaccines and tested positive for COVID-19. These cases were telephonically interviewed and clinical data were analyzed. A total of 511 SARS-CoV-2 genomes were recovered with genome coverage of higher than 98% from both groups. Analysis of both groups determined that 86.69% (n = 443) of them belonged to the Delta variant, along with Alpha, Kappa, Delta AY.1, and Delta AY.2. The Delta variant clustered into four distinct sub-lineages. Sub-lineage I had mutations in ORF1ab A1306S, P2046L, P2287S, V2930L, T3255I, T3446A, G5063S, P5401L, and A6319V, and in N G215C; Sub-lineage II had mutations in ORF1ab P309L, A3209V, V3718A, G5063S, P5401L, and ORF7a L116F; Sub-lineage III had mutations in ORF1ab A3209V, V3718A, T3750I, G5063S, and P5401L and in spike A222V; Sub-lineage IV had mutations in ORF1ab P309L, D2980N, and F3138S and spike K77T. This study indicates that majority of the breakthrough COVID-19 clinical cases were infected with the Delta variant, and only 9.8% cases required hospitalization, while fatality was observed in only 0.4% cases. This clearly suggests that the vaccination does provide reduction in hospital admission and mortality.

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Neutralization of Beta and Delta variant with sera of COVID-19 recovered cases and vaccinees of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine BBV152/Covaxin

Cited by 90 publications

References 7 publications

Serendipitous COVID-19 Vaccine-Mix in Uttar Pradesh, India: Safety and Immunogenicity Assessment of a Heterologous Regime

Serendipitous COVID-19 Vaccine-Mix in Uttar Pradesh, India: Safety and Immunogenicity Assessment of a Heterologous Regime

SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Pathogenesis and Host Response in Syrian Hamsters

Clinical Characterization and Genomic Analysis of Samples from COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections during the Second Wave among the Various States of India

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