New Evidence from Aerial Reconnaissance for Roman Military Sites in Cheshire

Philpott, Robert A.

doi:10.2307/526830

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In fact, some of them show multiple defensive lines that are clear signs of enlargements and reductions. Similar trends and changes in legionary bases have been documented in Europe [139,183,184]. These structures reveal the interest of the Roman army in training the troops on camp building techniques (castra metatio or castra munitio) that could be of use during military campaigns.…”

Section: The Recurrent Use Of Spacesupporting

confidence: 64%

Following the Roman Army between the Southern Foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains and the Northern Plains of Castile and León (North of Spain): Archaeological Applications of Remote Sensing and Geospatial Tools

Blanco¹,

Sánchez

García

et al. 2020

Geosciences

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Sixty-six new archaeological sites have been discovered thanks to the combined use of different remote sensing techniques and open access geospatial datasets (mainly aerial photography, satellite imagery, and airborne LiDAR). These sites enhance the footprint of the Roman military presence in the northern fringe of the River Duero basin (León, Palencia, Burgos and Cantabria provinces, Spain). This paper provides a detailed morphological description of 66 Roman military camps in northwestern Iberia that date to the late Republic or early Imperial eras. We discuss the different spatial datasets and GIS tools used for different geographic contexts of varied terrain and vegetation. Finally, it stresses out the relevance of these novel data to delve into the rationale behind the Roman army movements between the northern Duero valley and the southern foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains. We conclude that methodological approaches stimulated by open-access geospatial datasets and enriched by geoscientific techniques are fundamental to understand the expansion of the Roman state in northwestern Iberia during the 1st c. BC properly. This renewed context set up a challenging scenario to overcome traditional archaeological perspectives still influenced by the cultural-historical paradigm and the pre-eminence of classical written sources.

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Section: The Recurrent Use Of Spacesupporting

confidence: 64%

Following the Roman Army between the Southern Foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains and the Northern Plains of Castile and León (North of Spain): Archaeological Applications of Remote Sensing and Geospatial Tools

Blanco¹,

Sánchez

García

et al. 2020

Geosciences

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“…Many of the troops who fought in the Cantabrian-Asturian Wars and several military units locally recruited immediately afterwards were later deployed in places such as Raetia, Noricum, Germania or Pannonia (Šašel Kos 2011;Strobel 2009). Quite interestingly, among the practice works and camps (Bödecker 2013;Davies and Jones 2006;Jones 2012;Philpott 1998)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O Penedo dos Lobos: Roman military activity in the uplands of the Galician Massif (Northwest Iberia)

Fonte

García

Gago

2021

Journal of Conflict Archaeology

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A new Roman military site was recently detected in Galicia, Spain, an area where the army presence had been challenging to trace until date. O Penedo dos Lobos is a playing-card shaped camp with very distinctive, fortified entrances. The archaeological survey conducted on this site in the summer of 2018 allowed us to recover some elements of Roman militaria, as well as numismatic evidence dating back to late 1 st c. BC, thus suggesting a connection with the Cantabrian-Asturian Wars of Augustan times. However, there is still some uncertainty regarding the specific task undertaken by the military contingent that occupied this site. Besides its historical implications, a focus will be given to the methodology applied for the archaeological survey of this site. This has shed new light on the Roman military presence in Galicia, allowing its integration into wider European debates on Roman conquest and expansion.

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The Creation of Four Provinces in Britain by Diocletian

Mann¹

1998

Britannia

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in the papal archives. 245 Since only two metropolitans were to be appointed, it seems clear that Gregory had found nothing of later date than third-century in the archives, otherwise he would have had to authorize the appointment of four (or five) metropolitans. It has been suggested that, after A.D. 297, Diocletian (in theory along with Maximian) established a third province by taking some city territories from each of the two existing provinces and forming the new province in between them. This new province, it is claimed, was named Caesariensis, or Britannia Caesariensis (or Maxima Caesariensis), taking that name from its capital, a city named Caesarea. The new province was then later subdivided into Flavia Caesariensis and Maxima Caesariensis. It has to be said at once that there is no evidence whatsoever that any British city was ever named Caesarea. It has also to be said that when provinces were subdivided, whether during the Principate or under Diocletian or later, it was not normal procedure to take city territories from the adjacent parts of two provinces, thus creating a new province in between. Most subdivisions of provinces are simply that-the province is divided, whether it was Moesia in the early A.D. 80s, or Pannonia shortly after A.D. 100, or Dacia after 106, or Syria in 194, or Britain in 197. Under Diocletian, Mauretania Sitifensis is simply carved out of Mauretania Caesariensis, Sequania out of the southern half of Germania Superior, Valeria out of the northern part of Pannonia Inferior, and Scythia out of the northern part of Moesia Inferior. In general, a new province is merely a part of a previous province. The only exception seems to be the special case of the new province of Dacia south of the Danube, which included city territories taken from Moesia Superior, Thrace, and Moesia Inferior. But then, Aurelian was virtually pretending that Dacia north of the Danube had not been permanently given up at all. Occasionally, individual cities might be transferred to a different province, apparently simply for administrative convenience, by equalizing the size of provinces. Thus the Lingones were transferred from Sequania to Lugdunensis Prima, and the Tungri from Gallia Belgica to Germania Secunda. It is difficult to see any point in creating a province which took its city territories from two other provinces: it seems a recipe for conflict. It is also difficult to see how, if this new province were later divided, both halves could be named Caesariensis, as if both were claiming that its capital was still Caesarea. It is more probable that Maxima Caesariensis and Flavia Caesariensis were created at the same timebut with a difference. As Richard Goodchild suggested to me, in a letter written shortly before he died,

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New Evidence from Aerial Reconnaissance for Roman Military Sites in Cheshire

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Following the Roman Army between the Southern Foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains and the Northern Plains of Castile and León (North of Spain): Archaeological Applications of Remote Sensing and Geospatial Tools

Following the Roman Army between the Southern Foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains and the Northern Plains of Castile and León (North of Spain): Archaeological Applications of Remote Sensing and Geospatial Tools

O Penedo dos Lobos: Roman military activity in the uplands of the Galician Massif (Northwest Iberia)

The Creation of Four Provinces in Britain by Diocletian

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