New Hybrid Tomato Cultivars: An NMR-Based Chemical Characterization

Abstract

Bamano, King Creole, Sugarland, and DulceMiel hybrid tomato cultivars have been recently introduced in the Lazio area (Central Italy) to expand and valorize the regional/national market. Tomatoes from these cultivars, together with tomatoes from the native Fiaschetta cultivar, were sampled at the proper ripening time for the fresh market and characterized to obtain and compare their metabolite profiles. The Bligh–Dyer extraction protocol was carried out, and the resulting organic and hydroalcoholic fractions were analyzed by high-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. NMR data relative to quantified metabolites (sugars, amino acids, organic acids, sterols, and fatty acids) allowed to point out similarities and differences among cultivars. DulceMiel hybrid and Fiaschetta native cultivars showed some common aspects having the highest levels of the most abundant amino acids as well as comparable amounts of organic acids, amino acids, stigmasterol, and linoleic and linolenic acids. However, DulceMiel turned out to have higher levels of glucose, fructose, and galactose with respect to Fiaschetta, reflecting the particular taste of the DulceMiel product. King Creole, Bamano, and Sugarland hybrid cultivars were generally characterized by the lowest content of amino acids and organic acids. King Creole showed the highest content of malic acid, whereas Bamano was characterized by the highest levels of glucose and fructose.

Characterization of Local Products for Their Industrial Use: The Case of Italian Potato Cultivars Analyzed by Untargeted and Targeted Methodologies

“…In the case of potato organic extracts, no literature data on the 1 H NMR assignment has been reported so far. The 1 H NMR assignment, see Supplementary Table S3 and Figure 3 , was carried out using 2D NMR experiments, spiking experiments and literature data regarding the 1 H assignment of organic extracts from other vegetable matrices in the same experimental conditions [ 26 , 27 ]. β-Sitosterol, fatty acids, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and digalactosyldiacylglycerol were identified and quantified, see Figure 4 A, in all the analyzed samples.…”

Commercial Hemp Seed Oils: A Multimethodological Characterization

“…In particular, the selected proton resonances were due to hexanal (CH) at 9.699 ppm, trans-2-hexenal (CH) at 9.448 ppm, diallylic protons of tri-unsaturated fatty acids (CH 2 ) at 2.778 ppm, diallylic protons of di-unsaturated fatty acids (CH 2 ) at 2.729 ppm, α-methylene protons of all fatty acids (CH 2 ) at 2.251 ppm, allylic protons of all unsaturated fatty acids (CH 2 ) at 1.999 ppm, and β-sitosterol (CH 3 ) at 0.622 ppm. The integrals of the selected resonances were normalized with respect to the resonance at 2.251 ppm set to 100. β-Sitosterol, fatty acids, and aldehydes were expressed as molar %, following the Equations previously described [37], with some modifications:…”

Chemico-Biological Characterization of Torpedino Di Fondi® Tomato Fruits: A Comparison with San Marzano Cultivar at Two Ripeness Stages

“…This wide metabolomics survey supported the untargeted and targeted analyses driving the identification of selected classes of metabolites. In particular, 1D NMR spectra assignment of the TF and SM hydroalcoholic extracts solubilized in D 2 O phosphate buffer and organic extracts solubilized in CDCl 3 /CD 3 OH ( Table 2 ) were obtained by means of literature data [ 28 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Furthermore, targeted analytical approaches provided the identification and quantification of total polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids content and BAs.…”

“…1 H spectra of extracts in CD 3 OD/CDCl 3 were acquired with 256 transients, recycle delay of 5 s, and 90° pulse of 9–11 μs, 32 K data points. The two-dimensional (2D) NMR experiments, such as 1 H- 1 H TOCSY, 1 H- 13 C HSQC, and 1 H- 13 C HMBC, were carried out under the same experimental conditions previously reported [ 28 ]. The integrals of 26 selected signals in hydroalcoholic extract ( Table 2 ) were measured using the Bruker TOPSPIN software and normalized with respect to the resonance at 0.00 ppm, due to methyl group signal of TSP, set to 100.…”

“…Results were expressed in mg/100 g fresh weight (FW). The quantification of components in organic extracts was described in a previous work [ 28 ].…”