New material of<i>Pepesuchus</i>(Crocodyliformes; Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Bauru Group: implications about its phylogeny and the age of the Adamantina Formation

Geroto, Caio Fabricio Cezar; Bertini, Reinaldo J.

doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly037

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The concavity constant, represented by the k-value, denotes the strength of downweighting, with lower values having been shown to downweight homoplastic characters more severely than higher values [66]. Following analytical protocols in recent analyses of neosuchians [68][69][70][71], we applied EIW to notosuchians for the first time, using k-values of 8 and 12. Characters with missing entries were downweighted faster assuming 50% of the homoplasy of observed entries, and weighting strength did not exceed 5 times that of characters with no missing entries.…”

Section: Dentitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A second peirosaurid crocodyliform from the Mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco and the diversity of Gondwanan notosuchians outside South America

et al. 2021

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Notosuchians are an extinct clade of terrestrial crocodyliforms with a particularly rich record in the late Early to Late Cretaceous (approx. 130–66 Ma) of Gondwana. Although much of this diversity comes from South America, Africa and Indo-Madagascar have also yielded numerous notosuchian remains. Three notosuchian species are currently recognized from the early Late Cretaceous (approx. 100 Ma) Kem Kem Group of Morocco, including the peirosaurid Hamadasuchus rebouli . Here, we describe two new specimens that demonstrate the presence of at least a fourth notosuchian species in this fauna. Antaeusuchus taouzensis n. gen. n. sp. is incorporated into one of the largest notosuchian-focused character-taxon matrices yet to be compiled, comprising 443 characters scored for 63 notosuchian species, with an increased sampling of African and peirosaurid species. Parsimony analyses run under equal and extended implied weighting consistently recover Antaeusuchus as a peirosaurid notosuchian, supported by the presence of two distinct waves on the dorsal dentary surface, a surangular which laterally overlaps the dentary above the mandibular fenestra, and a relatively broad mandibular symphysis. Within Peirosauridae, Antaeusuchus is recovered as the sister taxon of Hamadasuchus . However, it differs from Hamadasuchus with respect to several features, including the ornamentation of the lateral surface of the mandible, the angle of divergence of the mandibular rami, the texture of tooth enamel and the shape of the teeth, supporting their generic distinction. We present a critical reappraisal of the non-South American Gondwanan notosuchian record, which spans the Middle Jurassic–late Eocene. This review, as well as our phylogenetic analyses, indicate the existence of at least three approximately contemporaneous peirosaurid lineages within the Kem Kem Group, alongside other notosuchians, and support the peirosaurid affinities of the ‘trematochampsid’ Miadanasuchus oblita from the Maastrichtian of Madagascar. Furthermore, the Cretaceous record demonstrates the presence of multiple lineages of approximately contemporaneous notosuchians in several African and Madagascan faunas, and supports previous suggestions regarding an undocumented pre-Aptian radiation of Notosuchia. By contrast, the post-Cretaceous record is depauperate, comprising rare occurrences of sebecosuchians in north Africa prior to their extirpation.

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Section: Dentitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A second peirosaurid crocodyliform from the Mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco and the diversity of Gondwanan notosuchians outside South America

et al. 2021

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“…Wu et al, 1995). C. paradoxus is continuously recovered in the analyses as an advanced Notosuchia closely related with Sphagesauridae or Baurusuchia (Brandalise, Andrade, & Bertini, 2008;Geroto & Bertini, 2019;Godoy et al, 2014; Felipe C. Turner & Sertich, 2010). Hao et al (1986) apud Andrade & Bertini, 2007ab) and Andrade & Bertini (2007ab;2008) attested little confidence in the age of Wulong Formation or the proceeding of C. paradoxus from this stratigraphical assignment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…I consider this is an artifact from dubious position of clade Trematochampsa + Miadanasuchus, two taxa composed of fragmentary material and a questionable taxonomy validity (e.g. Larsson & Sues, 2007;Geroto & Bertini, 2019). It is possible that both Stolokrosuchus and the ancestral species of Trematochampsa and Miadanasuchus (species 64) descend from the same ancestral (species 75 or 76) an isolated peripheral.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phylogeny hypothesis was generated from a matrix with 94 taxa and 351 characters from Geroto & Bertini (2019), run in TNT v.1.1 (Goloboff et al, 2008) with a hold 15000 and 10000 replicates using the RAS+TBR algorithm. To BPA only the "Gondwanasuchia" clade was chosen, then pruned the Neosuchia and Thallatosuchia for compressed aquatic forms non-limited by the same physical barriers than the terrestrial forms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second interpretation is a series of original character lists in which analysis shared common results like a paraphyletic Sebecosuchia, Araripesuchidae sister-group to all Notosuchia, a close relationship between Peirosauridae, Sebecidae and Mahajangasuchidae, and a Peirosauridae sister-group of Notosuchia (e.g. (de Andrade, Edmonds, Benton, & Schouten, 2011;Geroto & Bertini, 2019;Godoy et al, 2014;Larsson & Sues, 2007; Felipe C. Montefeltro, Larsson, De França, & Langer, 2013). The phylogeny I used in this BPA and BBM analysis is fixed in the second situation (see supplementary information for a complete cladogram).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleobiogeography of Cretaceous South American Mesoeucrocodylia: Contribution to the Knowledege of Biogeographical History of Gondwana and Laurasia

Geroto¹

2019

Preprint

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Aim: Despite Mesoeucrocodylia been the most expressive faunal elements in outcrops of Gondwana, with special attention to South American basin like Bauru Group in Parana Basin and Neuquén Group in Neuquén Basin the biogeographical studies has been almost descriptive. These studies point the hypothesis that vicariance, specially the event of breakup of Gondwana, occupy a main role in speciation and diversification of Mesoeucrocodylia in Cretaceous. The present research investigates the possibility of this hypothesis been true use two complementary methods of biogeographic analysis a priori.Location: The studied reach the sedimentary basins for Gondwana and Laurassa when Mesoeucrocodylia fossils are found (South America, Africa and Eurasia continents)Methods: Brook Parsimony Analysis, with use maximum parsimony, Bayesian Binary Method for Ancestral State, a maximum like hood method to large data set, and S-DIVA to test the vicariance hypothesis. The area cladograms area time calibrating used the Temporal Calibrating GACs.Results: Allow reconstruct the ancestral area to the ancestral lineages and track the origin of “Gondwanasuchia” mesoeucrocodylian to African portion, posterior dispersion to South America. Notosuchia had an almost South American history with only peripheral ancestral reach Africa and Peirosauridae divide in two lineages, Peirosaurinae developed almost in Africa and reach South America in Early Cretaceous and Pepesuchinae an endemic South American lineage. Main Conclusions: Dispersal, not vicariance, take the main role in the diversification of the Mesoeucrocodylia during the Cretaceous. Three migration routes between drain channels take place in Early Cretaceous, one of Peirosaurinae from Araripe Basin to southern portion of South America, another from Pepesuchinae to Bauru Group and the last one of Araripesuchidae from Neuquén Basin do Araripe Basin. With the isolation of Bauru Group in Santonian a series of sympatric speciation take place in Mesoeucrocodylia lineages and other groups like titanosaurids. These sympatric events need future investigations.

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A review of the non‐semiaquatic adaptations of extinct crocodylomorphs throughout their fossil record

Pochat‐Cottilloux

2024

The Anatomical Record

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Crocodylomorphs constitute a clade of archosaurs that have thrived since the Mesozoic until today and have survived numerous major biological crises. Contrary to historic belief, their semiaquatic extant representatives (crocodylians) are not living fossils, and, during their evolutionary history, crocodylomorphs have evolved to live in a variety of environments. This review aims to summarize the non‐semiaquatic adaptations (i.e., either terrestrial or fully aquatic) of different groups from different periods, highlighting how exactly those different lifestyles are inferred for those animals, with regard to their geographic and temporal distribution and phylogenetic relationships. The ancestral condition for Crocodylomorpha seems to have been a terrestrial lifestyle, linked with several morphological adaptations such as an altirostral skull, long limbs allowing a fully erect posture and a specialized dentition for diets based on land. However, some members of this clade, such as thalattosuchians and dyrosaurids display adaptations for an opposite, aquatic lifestyle, interestingly inferred from the same type of morphological observations. Finally, new techniques for inferring the paleobiology of those extinct animals have been put forward in the last decade, appearing as a complementary approach to traditional morphological descriptions and comparisons. Such is the case of paleoneuroanatomical (CT scan data), histological, and geochemical studies.

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New material ofPepesuchus(Crocodyliformes; Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Bauru Group: implications about its phylogeny and the age of the Adamantina Formation

Cited by 22 publications

References 40 publications

A second peirosaurid crocodyliform from the Mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco and the diversity of Gondwanan notosuchians outside South America

A second peirosaurid crocodyliform from the Mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco and the diversity of Gondwanan notosuchians outside South America

Paleobiogeography of Cretaceous South American Mesoeucrocodylia: Contribution to the Knowledege of Biogeographical History of Gondwana and Laurasia

A review of the non‐semiaquatic adaptations of extinct crocodylomorphs throughout their fossil record

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