New proton-conducting porous silicon membrane for small fuel cells

Pichonat, Tristan; Gauthier‐Manuel, Bernard; Hauden, D.

doi:10.1016/s1464-2859(04)00290-1

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As proved by conductivity measurements (Pichonat 2004) and FESEM imaging (Fig. 3), only a few channels are totally opened with this anodization process.…”

Section: Porous Siliconmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The bulk resistivity was chosen as a function of the desired porous silicon morphology. The process, described in details elsewhere (Pichonat 2004), includes six steps: thin thermal oxidation of the silicon wafer (1.2 lm thick) (step 1), sputtered Cr-Au layer (Cr layer of 15 nm thick and Au layer of 800 nm thick) on the silicon oxide layer (step 2) in order to enable the localization of the porosity during anodization and to collect current in the future fuel cell, photoresist deposition (step 3), UV exposure through a photolithography mask and development in an adapted solution (step 4), desoxidation of insolated patterns (step 5) and then KOH etching (step 6). We make sure that each side is electrically insulated from the other thanks to the silicon oxide layers by measuring the electrical resistance between both sides (R>2 MX).…”

Section: Silicon Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of fuel cells, the use of porous silicon as a gas diffusion layer or as a support for catalyst (D'Arrigo 2003;Riezenman 2003) has been demonstrated. Recent papers (Pichonat 2004;Gold 2004) have shown the relevance of using porous silicon as the membrane of the fuel cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesoporous silicon-based miniature fuel cells for nomadic and chip-scale systems

Pichonat

Gauthier‐Manuel

2006

Microsyst Technol

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We report here the fabrication of a new miniature fuel cell for nomadic applications and chip-scale power supply based on a Nafion Ò -filled porous silicon self-supported membrane. Combining advantages of Nafion Ò for its great proton conduction and silicon for an easier integration and standard microfabrication techniques, this solution enables the integration of gas feed and electrical contacts into the membrane etching process thanks to simple KOH wet etching processes and metal sputterings. The encapsulation is also possible. Compared to simple Nafion Ò membranes, this technique may reduce the lateral water diffusion through the membrane. Experiments have been carried out at room temperature and gas feed H 2 is provided by the electrolysis of a NaOH solution. A long-term power density of 18 mW cm À2 has been achieved after stabilization with a maximum current density of 101 mA cm À2 and an open circuit voltage of 0.8 V.

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“…As proved by conductivity measurements (Pichonat 2004) and FESEM imaging (Fig. 3), only a few channels are totally opened with this anodization process.…”

Section: Porous Siliconmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Silicon Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesoporous silicon-based miniature fuel cells for nomadic and chip-scale systems

Pichonat

Gauthier‐Manuel

2006

Microsyst Technol

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“…Previous works have reported the relevance to use PS directly as the membrane of the FC, either as the support for a NafionÒ solution (Pichonat et al 2004;Pichonat and Gauthier-Manuel 2006) or with appropriate proton-conducting molecules grafted on the pore walls (Pichonat and Gauthier-Manuel 2005). This second solution involves the chemical grafting of silane molecules containing sulfonate (SO 3 -) or carboxylate (COO -) groups on the pores walls in order to mimic the structure of an ionomer.…”

Section: Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beyond standard silicon, the use of porous silicon (PS) has also been demonstrated as an attractive material for gas diffusion layer (Maynard and Meyers 2000), support for catalyst (D'Arrigo et al 2003;Riezenman 2003) or as a reformer (Presting et al 2004) in the case of FCs. Recent papers (Pichonat et al 2004;Gold et al 2004) have also shown the relevance of using PS as the membrane of a FC. This paper will focus on MEMS-based FCs and will show some of the most recent developments and technologies applied to this kind of miniature FCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in MEMS-based miniature fuel cells

Pichonat

Gauthier‐Manuel

2007

Microsyst Technol

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Micro fuel cells (l-FCs) represent promising power sources for portable applications. Today, one of the technological ways to make l-FCs is to have recourse to standard microfabrication techniques used in the fabrication of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). This paper shows an overview on the applications of MEMS techniques on miniature FCs by presenting several solutions developed throughout the world. It also describes the latest developments of a new porous silicon-based miniature fuel cell. Using a silane grafted on an inorganic porous media as the proton-exchange membrane instead of a common ionomer such as Nafion Ò , the fuel cell achieved a maximum power density of 58 mW cm -2 at room temperature with hydrogen as fuel.

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Immobilization of Quantum Dots in Nanostructured Porous Silicon Films: Characterizations and Signal Amplification for Dual‐Mode Optical Biosensing

Gaur

Koktysh

Weiss

2013

Adv Funct Materials

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Highly sensitive dual‐mode labeled detection of biotin in well‐characterized porous silicon (PSi) films using colloidal quantum dots (QDs) as signal amplifiers are demonstrated. Optimization of the PSi platform for targeted QD infiltration and immobilization is carried out by characterizing and tuning the porosity, film depth, and pore size. Binding events of target QD‐biotin conjugates with streptavidin probes immobilized on the pore walls are monitored by reflective interferometric spectroscopy and fluorescence measurements. QD labeling of the target biotin molecules enables detection based on a distinct fluorescent signal as well as a greater than 5‐fold enhancement in the measured spectral reflectance fringe shift and a nearly three order of magnitude improvement in the detection limit for only 6% surface area coverage of QDs inside the porous matrix. Utilizing the QD signal amplifiers, an exceptional biotin detection limit of ≈6 fg mm−2 is demonstrated with sub‐fg mm−2 detection limits achievable.

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New proton-conducting porous silicon membrane for small fuel cells

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Mesoporous silicon-based miniature fuel cells for nomadic and chip-scale systems

Mesoporous silicon-based miniature fuel cells for nomadic and chip-scale systems

Recent developments in MEMS-based miniature fuel cells

Immobilization of Quantum Dots in Nanostructured Porous Silicon Films: Characterizations and Signal Amplification for Dual‐Mode Optical Biosensing

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