New sustainable flame retardant DOPO-NH-functionalized polyamide 6 and filament yarn

Čolović, Marija; Vasiljević, Jelena; Štirn, Žiga; Korošin, Nataša Čelan; Šobak, Matic; Simončić, Barbara; Demšar, Andrej; Malucelli, Giulio; Jerman, Ivan

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.130760

Cited by 41 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In this paper, we avoided these shortcomings through another route (Chen et al, 2018(Chen et al, , 2019Colovic et al, 2021;He et al, 2022;Mishra et al, 2021) and a novel nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant, HOMP, was synthesized after removing the barrier from triazines of insoluble. Most importantly, HOMP improved the flame retardancy of epoxy resin with its molecular structure and mechanism discussed.…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of an efficient phosphorus and triazine ring-containing reactive flame retardant for epoxy resin

Meng

Wang

et al. 2023

MMMS

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PurposeIn order to find an appropriate method to synthesize a new high-efficiency flame retardant for epoxy resin.Design/methodology/approachIn this work, a flame retardant with heterocyclic groups, HOMP, was acquired after removing the obstacle from triazines which was not readily soluble. The molecular structure, thermal and flame retardant properties were fully characterized and analyzed. Also, the mechanism was researched through multi-methodologies. As well, the authors evaluated the effects of HOMP on mechanical properties.FindingsThe results suggested that HOMP helped extinguish the combustion of specimens and could reach an LOI value of 29.2% and the V0 level in the UL-94 test with a phosphorus content of only 0.6wt%. With respect to the mechanism, HOMP was a gas-phase flame retardant and helped generate a thicker carbon protective coating. However, for the mechanical properties, the addition of HOMP enhanced the compressibility, while the tensile strength decreased significantly.Originality/valueThe approach not only simplified the operations but also obtained HOMP with excellent flame retardant properties.

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Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of an efficient phosphorus and triazine ring-containing reactive flame retardant for epoxy resin

Meng

Wang

et al. 2023

MMMS

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“…due to its active P‐H bond, so it is often used as an intermediate for flame retardants. Lots of DOPO based flame retardants have outstanding flame‐retardant effect in PA6 29–32 . Both ADP and DOPO usually play a role in the gas phase 23,29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A key role of a bio‐based charring‐coupling agent in flame retardant and anti‐dripping performance of polyamide 6/aluminum diethylphosphinate

Zhang

Liu

Cao

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this work, an organophosphorus flame retardant (BHD) was synthesized using 4‐formylphenylboronic acid and 1,6‐hexanediamine; a charring‐coupling agent containing epoxy (DE) was synthesized using daidzein and epichlorohydrin. The BHD and DE were reacted and coated on the surface of aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) and the product is identified as BD‐ADP. PA6 with 12 wt% BD‐ADP achieves a UL‐94 V‐0 rating and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 30.0 vol%. Substitute 1.0 wt% DE for BD‐ADP, PA6‐1.0E not only achieves a UL‐94 V‐0 rating, but also goes out before dripping. The time to ignition of PA6‐1.0E is 19 s longer than that of PA6. The flame‐retardant mode is the combination of the gas‐phase effect of ADP and the condensed‐phase effect of DE. In addition, the tensile strength and impact strength of PA6‐1.0E are 103.9 MPa and 6.6 kJ/m2 which are 35.6% and 43.5% more than that of PA6‐12A. Both BD coating and DE contribute to a strong interfacial adhesion between ADP and PA6 which improves the mechanical properties. The DE plays a key role in the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PA6 blends.

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“…As a kind of phosphorus‐containing compound, 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) has advantages such as high thermal stability, better antioxidant and hydrolysis resistance 26 . Especially, other flame retardant elements can be integrated into its molecular structure due to the high reactivity of the PH bond, many DOPO‐based derivatives containing other flame retardant element were accordingly synthesized and adopted to enhance the flame resistance of different polymer matrices (polyamide, 27,28 epoxy resin, 29,30 PC, 31–33 etc.). Recently, a series of organophosphorous compounds with nitrogen‐containing heterocycles have become great potential flame retardants due to their simple synthesis route, high thermal stability, good char‐formation and free radical quenching capacity 34–36 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nitrogen‐rich DOPO‐based phosphoramide for improving the fire resistance of polycarbonate with comparable mechanical property

Cai,

Jiang,

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A nitrogen‐rich DOPO‐based phosphoramide (DPAPZ) was synthesized using aminopyrazine and 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) as raw materials, and blended with polycarbonate (PC) through melting method. The chemical structure of DPAPZ was validated by FTIR, 1H NMR and 31P NMR. The presence of DPAPZ endowed PC/DPAPZ composites with better fire safety and smoke suppression. With the incorporation of 6 wt% DPAPZ, PC/DPAPZ‐6 composite reached UL‐94 V‐0 rating and 30.2% of limiting oxygen index value. Simultaneously, the peak of heat release rate and total heat release of PC/DPAPZ‐6 were reduced by 44.8% and 47.0% as compared with the pure PC, respectively. The DPAPZ displayed bi‐phase flame retardant roles. In the gas phase, the decomposition of DPAPZ released phosphorus‐containing free radicals acting as the quencher of reactive H·/OH· and nonflammable NH3 diluting O2/combustible volatiles. In the condensed phase, the phosphorus‐containing components were dehydrated into metaphosphoric acid or polymetaphosphate covering the surface to protect the PC matrix from further combustion, and to promote the formation of a dense carbon layer to interrupt the transmission of O2 and volatiles between the combustion zone and the inner. The tensile strength of the composites displayed almost no change but the elongation at break decreased slightly with the addition of DPAPZ.

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New sustainable flame retardant DOPO-NH-functionalized polyamide 6 and filament yarn

Cited by 41 publications

References 34 publications

Synthesis of an efficient phosphorus and triazine ring-containing reactive flame retardant for epoxy resin

Synthesis of an efficient phosphorus and triazine ring-containing reactive flame retardant for epoxy resin

A key role of a bio‐based charring‐coupling agent in flame retardant and anti‐dripping performance of polyamide 6/aluminum diethylphosphinate

A nitrogen‐rich DOPO‐based phosphoramide for improving the fire resistance of polycarbonate with comparable mechanical property

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