Newer β-lactam antibiotics in the treatment of experimental <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> endocarditis

We compared the efficacy of ceftriaxone combined with gentamicin, both given once a day, with that of cloxacillin given every 4 h plus gentamicin given once a day or in three daily doses (t.i.d.) for the treatment of experimental methicillin-susceptible staphylococcal endocarditis. The antibiotics were administered by using human-like (H-L) pharmacokinetics that simulated the profiles of these drugs in human serum. Animals with catheter-induced endocarditis were infected intravenously with 10 5 CFU of Staphylococcus aureus S5 (MICs and minimal bactericidal concentrations of cloxacillin, ceftriaxone, and gentamicin, 0.5 and 2 g/ml, 4 and 8 g/ml, and 0.5 and 1 g/ml, respectively).

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Efficacy of Ceftriaxone and Gentamicin Given Once a Day by Using Human-Like Pharmacokinetics in Treatment of Experimental Staphylococcal Endocarditis

Gavaldá

López

Martin

et al. 2002

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Microbiological Investigation of Cephalosporins

Hamilton‐Miller

1987

Drugs

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Cefmenoxime

Campoli-Richards¹,

Todd²

1987

Drugs

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Cefmenoxime is an aminothiazolyl cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Like other 'third-generation' cephalosporins it is active in vitro against most common Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, is a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), and is resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. Cefmenoxime has a high rate of clinical efficacy in many types of infection and is at least equal in clinical and bacteriological efficacy to several other cephalosporins in urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, postoperative infections and gonorrhoea. Cefmenoxime, like latamoxef, cefoperazone and cefamandole, has an N-methyltetrazole side chain at the 3-position of the cephalosporin nucleus and thus possesses the potential for producing hypoprothrombinaemic bleeding and disulfiram-like reactions. However, these reactions have been reported very rarely and the antibacterial is generally well tolerated. It is likely that cefmenoxime will most closely resemble cefotaxime and ceftizoxime in therapeutic profile and usefulness.

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Newer β-lactam antibiotics in the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis

Cited by 3 publications

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Efficacy of Ceftriaxone and Gentamicin Given Once a Day by Using Human-Like Pharmacokinetics in Treatment of Experimental Staphylococcal Endocarditis

Efficacy of Ceftriaxone and Gentamicin Given Once a Day by Using Human-Like Pharmacokinetics in Treatment of Experimental Staphylococcal Endocarditis

Microbiological Investigation of Cephalosporins

Cefmenoxime

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