Newly Identified HNP‐F from Human Neutrophil Peptide‐1 Promotes Hemostasis

Abstract

Active hemostatic agents can play a crucial role in saving patients’ lives during surgery. Active hemostats have several advantages including utilization of natural blood coagulation and biocompatibility. Among them, although human neutrophil peptide‐1 (HNP‐1) has been previously reported with the hemostatic mechanism, which part of HNP‐1 facilitates the hemostatic activity is not known. Here, a partial peptide (HNP‐F) promoting hemostasis, originating from HNP‐1, has been newly identified by the blood coagulation ability test. HNP‐F shows the best hemostatic effect between the anterior half and posterior half of peptides. Moreover, microscopic images show platelet aggregation and an increase in the concentration of platelet factor 4, and the scanning electron microscope image of platelets support platelet activation by HNP‐F. Thromboelastography indicates decreased clotting time and increased physical properties of blood clotting. Mouse liver experiments demonstrate improved hemostatic effect by treatment of peptide solution. Cell viability and hemolysis assays confirm the HNP‐F's biosafety. It is hypothesized that the surface charge and structure of HNP‐F could be favorable to interact with fibrinogen or thrombospondin‐1. Collectively, because HNP‐F as an active peptide hemostat has many advantages, it could be expected to become a potent hemostatic biomaterial, additive or pharmaceutical candidate for various hemostatic applications.

Microporous Hemostatic Sponge Based on Silk Fibroin and Starch with Increased Structural Retentivity for Contact Activation of the Coagulation Cascade

“…PF4 (also known as CXCL4) is a chemokine that is secreted from the α-granules of activated platelets, facilitating blood clotting with pleiotropic roles . Thus, the elevation of the PF4 level in plasma can be quantified with ELISA as the degree of platelet activation in blood. , The PF4 level from each sample was measured using ELISA and quantified according to the PF4 standard curve ( R 2 = 0.9995). Normalization of the result in Figure c to NC (100 ± 5%) caused the PF4 concentration to increase in SF100 (126 ± 5%) but it did not change in SF50ST50 (101 ± 4%).…”

Actively cross‐linking hemostatic sealant enables rapid hemostasis and wound closure

“…Blood thrombi and agglomeration were observed for CBP selection depending on five CBPs and their concentrations. First, mouse blood 10 μL was prepared with 1 mg/mL protamine 1 μL and 100 m m CaCl 2 1 μL 15 . Then, each CBP 10 μL (control; PBS, 4‐arm 5k/10k/20k, 8‐arm 10k/20k; 10%, 30%, 50%w/w) was added and pipetted 20 times to premixed mouse blood 12 μL on a slide.…”

“…Hemoglobin released after blood coagulation was measured using a microplate reader for CBP selection 15 . Mouse blood 50 μL was prepared with 1 mg/mL protamine 5 μL and 100 m m CaCl 2 5 μL.…”

“…PEG succinimidyl glutarate‐based cross‐linking branched polymers (CBPs) and the active hemostatic peptide (AHP) 15 offer many advantages as a hemostatic sealant. They are synthesized without disease transfer and inhibition by contaminated anticoagulants.…”

“…Another advantage of CBPs is mechanical toughness, which keeps hemostatic stability under pressure or movement 17 . On the other hand, the AHP originated from human neutrophil peptide‐1 could activate hemostasis without toxicity or hemolysis based on probable interaction with serum hemostatic proteins 15 …”