Nicotinic Acid and the Endogenous Production of Carbon Monoxide

Lundh, B.; Cavallin‐Ståhl, Eva; Mercke, Claes

doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1975.tb04899.x

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…HMOX1 is induced by a variety of natural foodstuff including fiber, vitamin B3, and phytochemical classes such as flavonoids, curcuminoids, and terpenes. − Incidentally, HMOX1 can also be induced under starvation or dehydration − though exceptions to this phenomenon have been observed. − Several naturally occurring molecules have been reported as CO sources including keto acids, , amino acids, − pyruvate, glucose, , vanillin, vitamin B9, vitamin C, , cellulose, oxalic acid, phenol, pyrogallol and guaiacol (coffee constituents), , catechol (commonly present in fruits and veggies), protocatechuic acid (e.g., plums, white grapes, olive oil), dihydroxyacetone (glycolysis intermediate), , and flavonoids . While the conditions for liberating CO vary and are nonphysiological in some cases, several of these substrates have been linked to CO production in the microbiota (Figure ).…”

Section: Influence Of Host- and Environment-derived Co On The Gut Mic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Carbon Monoxide in Host–Gut Microbiome Communication

et al. 2020

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Nature is full of examples of symbiotic relationships. The critical symbiotic relation between host and mutualistic bacteria is attracting increasing attention to the degree that the gut microbiome is proposed by some as a new organ system. The microbiome exerts its systemic effect through a diverse range of metabolites, which include gaseous molecules such as H2, CO2, NH3, CH4, NO, H2S, and CO. In turn, the human host can influence the microbiome through these gaseous molecules as well in a reciprocal manner. Among these gaseous molecules, NO, H2S, and CO occupy a special place because of their widely known physiological functions in the host and their overlap and similarity in both targets and functions. The roles that NO and H2S play have been extensively examined by others. Herein, the roles of CO in host–gut microbiome communication are examined through a discussion of (1) host production and function of CO, (2) available CO donors as research tools, (3) CO production from diet and bacterial sources, (4) effect of CO on bacteria including CO sensing, and (5) gut microbiome production of CO. There is a large amount of literature suggesting the “messenger” role of CO in host–gut microbiome communication. However, much more work is needed to begin achieving a systematic understanding of this issue.

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