Nilem Carp Fish (Osteochilus hasselti) Performance in Various Feed Energy-Protein Ratios

Abstract

This study aimed to understand the effects of various energy-protein ratios of feed on nilem carp fish (Osteochilus hasselti) growth. This study was conducted from September to October 2017 at the Laboratory of Building 4, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjajaran. The average size of the test fish was ± 7 cm with an average weight of 3 grams. This was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental study consisting of 5 treatments and 3 repetition. The treatments given were 5 feed formulas based on different feed protein energy ratios, i.e. treatment A (31% protein, ratio 10), treatment B (31% protein, ratio 8), treatment C (28% protein, ratio 10), D (28% protein, ratio 8), and E (30% protein commercial feed/control). Feed, 5% of the test fish total weight, was provided 3 times a day. Parameters observed were daily growth rate, feed conversion, and survival. Data gained were analyzed using F-test, followed by Duncan Test if differences were found between treatments. Results showed that growth rate and feed conversion of all treatments were not different compared to control. The highest result was found in treatment A (31% protein, ratio 10) with a daily growth rate of 3.99% and feed conversion of 1.95%.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN DENGAN KADAR DEDAK HALUS DAN JAGUNG KUNING FERMENTASI BERBEDATERHADAP KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN IKAN JELAWAT (Leptobarbus hoevenii Bleeker)

“…Penyediaan pakan dapat diupayakan dengan pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai sumber energi pakan, misalnya dedak halus dan jagung kuning.Kedua bahan tersebut sudah biasa digunakan untuk formulasi pakan ikan (Halver, 1988). Dedak halus mengandung protein 8, 6-10,86 %, lemak 0,12-11,19 %, karbohidrat 34,18-34,75 % dan abu 0,24 %, sedangkan jagung kuning kering mengandung protein 10,46 %, lemak 4,93 %, karbohidrat 66,99 % dan abu 2,09 % (Andriani et al, 2016). Kemudian dedak halus dan jagung kuning mudah diperoleh dalam jumlah banyak dan harganya cukup murah, sehinggaharus dipertimbangkandiharapkan dapat dimanfaatkanoleh ikan jelawat.…”

“…Fermentasi adalah segala macam proses metabolik dengan bantuan enzim dari mikroorganisme untuk melakukan oksidasi, reduksi, hidrolisa, dan reaksi kimia lainnya dalam keadaan anaerob atau aerob sehingga terjadi perubahan kimia pada substrat organik (Pawiroharsono, 2007). Fermentasi dapat meningkatkan kualitas bahan pakan menjadi lebih baik dibandingkan sebelumnya (Andriani et al, 2016).Misalnya, dedak halus yang difermentasi dengan Saccharomyces cerevisiaemeningkatkan protein, karbohidrat dan abu (Chinma et al, 2013) serta menurunkan kadar lipid dan serat kasar (Sitohang et al, 2012) asam fitat (C 6 H 18 O 24 P 6 ) pada bahan-bahan fermentasi (Flores-Miranda et al, 2014). Dedak halus dan jagung kuning fermentasi sebagai bahan pakan perlu dicobakan pada ikan jelawat.…”

“…Kelebihan karbohidrat dan penumpukan glikogen di hati menyebabkan degenerasi sel-sel hati, sehingga menimbulkan penyakit pada hati ikan (Halver, 1989). Peningkatan glikogen dan nilai HSI menimbulkan kerusakan hati (Lovell, 1989), dan bahkan menimbulkan kematian yang tinggi pada benih (Andriani et al, 2016). Ikan ukuran kecil lebih sensitif terhadap efek HSI yang tinggi dari pada ikan berukuran besar (Hatlen et al, 2005).…”

Application of fermented product feed to growth performance of fish: A review

“…If the price of feed used is too high, it will have an impact on the cost of aquaculture activities as well. The costs incurred for the availability of feed in aquaculture reaches 60-70% of the total production costs (Andriani et al, 2016). One of the efforts to reduce feed costs in fish farming is by making fish feed by utilizing available alternative feed ingredients.…”

Financial Analysis of Costs of Fish Feed Production with Restaurant Waste as Basic Ingredients (Case Study in Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency, West Java)

“…Feed is one of the most important components in fisheries activity. About 60-70% of the total cost of aquaculture production is spent on feed [4]. Thus, it is necessary to independently develop feed using alternative feed ingredients that are easy to find and have great availability.…”