Nitrogen deposition in Swiss forests and its possible relevance for leaf nutrient status, parasite attacks and soil acidification

Flückiger, W.; Braun, Sabine

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(98)80017-1

Cited by 114 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, there is a lack of data or useful indexes (e.g., N application/deposited rates) to indicate how much N added or deposited to forest ecosystems will induce a shifted change in the amounts and rates of microbial N immobilization as well as a shifted response of other soil N processes. Background rates of atmospheric N deposition in the study site were referred to the data of Fluckiger and Braun (1998) c No background rates of atmospheric N deposition were available to calculate R The ratio of N losses as N 2 O and NO (estimated emission rates of N 2 O and NO) to N deposited and added (the rates of N deposition and fertilization application) was calculated based on the method used by Horváth et al (2006) 2.2 N mineralization…”

Section: General Characteristics Of Exogenous N-addition-induced Modimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, they found that the richness and diversity of genes involved in the decomposition of starch (~12 %), hemicellulose (~16 %), cellulose (~16 %), chitin (~15 %), and lignin (~16 %) were also significantly reduced by experimental N deposition. Lots of studies have proven that increased N deposition to forest ecosystems has led to soil acidification (Fluckiger and Braun 1998;, which may also affect the activities of soil microbes and C availability (Bárta et al 2010;Fang et al 2004). For instance, in a highly acidic spruce forest soil, the amounts of dissolved organic C (DOC) and dissolved N were found to be very low (Bárta et al 2010).…”

Section: N Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A lot of studies have proven that N deposition contributes to forest soil acidification (Fluckiger and Braun 1998;Hogberg et al 2006;. In general, soil acidification caused by N deposition is mainly attributed to increased ammonia oxidation and NO 3 − leaching (Bergkvist and Folkeson 1992).…”

Section: Forest Soil Acidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review

et al. 2015

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Purpose Understanding how process-specific nitrogen (N) transformations in natural forest soils are modified by N deposition and fertilization is critically important to gain mechanistic insights on the links between global N deposition and N enrichment and loss in forest soils. Materials and methods Here we identify the general characteristics and the main mechanisms of N deposition-and fertilization-induced modifications in multiple N transformations, including N immobilization, N mineralization, nitrification (autotrophic nitrification and heterotrophic nitrification), and denitrification, in forest soils by literature survey. Results and discussion Overall, N status, soil C/N ratios, C availability, and soil pH are key factors separately and/or interactively affecting the effects of N deposition and fertilization on forest soil N transformations. In the N-limited stage, N deposition and fertilization can act as a stimulator of N mineralization by removing microbial N limitation and reducing the C/N ratios of the substrate being decomposed. In the Nunlimited stage, N added to forest ecosystems can retard N mineralization, which may primarily be a result of decreased microbial activity due to soil acidification and low C availability. The changes in N mineralization may drive a corresponding change in N immobilization, autotrophic nitrification, and denitrification. Despite the fact that ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) has a higher affinity than ammonia-oxidizers (AOB) for low-concentration ammonia (NH 3 ), low NH 3 availability may still limit the rate of ammonia oxidation (autotrophic nitrification) in acidic forest soils even in the case of high NH 4 + input. Heterotrophic nitrification, however, may be favored if soil C/N ratios and pH decrease with N deposition and fertilization. The responses of denitrification and N 2 O emission to N deposition and fertilization in forests may be nonlinear, with a trend of stimulation in the short term but a decline over time, partly because soil pH has a contrast effect on denitrification capacity and N 2 O emission. Conclusions There are various effects of N deposition and fertilization on forest soil N transformations; thus, their responses to N deposition are still not well characterized and understood. N deposition-and fertilization-induced modifications in soil N transformations have important implications for N enrichment, N loss, and soil acidification in forest ecosystems. In the future, more research is required to investigate on dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) process and link microbial community characteristics and functions of microbial extracellular enzymes with these rate processes in forest soils to narrow the uncertainty in evaluating and predicting ecosystem responses to global N deposition.

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Section: General Characteristics Of Exogenous N-addition-induced Modimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: N Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review

et al. 2015

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“…Increased N deposition during the last decades (Galloway 2001) balanced out the growth limitation by N in many temperate forests (Nihlgård 1985), which eventually became N saturated (Aber et al 1998). The improved N nutrition initially led to increased forest growth (Braun et al 1999;Högberg et al 2006;Spiecker 1999), but might also have provoked nutrient imbalances (Aber et al 1998) including P deficiency (Flückiger and Braun 1998;Mellert et al 2004;Mohren et al 1986). In N-saturated forests, a shift from N to P limitation of forest growth has already been observed (Braun et al 2010;Gradowski and Thomas 2006;Peñuelas et al 2013) and may be due to several processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus nutrition of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is decreasing in Europe

Talkner

Meiwes

Potočić

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

112

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On 62 % of the plots, the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio was above 18.9, which is considered to be disharmonious for beech. In addition, foliar phosphorus concentrations were significantly decreasing by, on average, 13 % from 1.31 to 1.14 mg g −1 in Europe (p<0.001). & Conclusion Our results show that phosphorus nutrition of beech is impaired in Europe. Possible drivers of this development might be high atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change. Continued decrease in foliar phosphorus concentrations, eventually attaining phosphorus deficiency levels,

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“…These cation composition patterns also reflect that the soils are at the stage of Al buffering, 6 which is distinctly different from that of most temperate ecosystems, where exchangeable base cations generally dominate soil cation pools. 3,7,49,50 High concentrations of Al oxides and low BS have also been found in many other tropical ecosystems, where they are regarded as common characteristics. 30,45,51,52 In addition, we further found that the studied forests had negative soil ANC, indicating that these forest soils are quite acid-sensitive, because negative ANC means that a given system cannot neutralize and hold excess acid input.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Soil Buffering Capacity In Tropicalmentioning

confidence: 98%

Divergent Responses of Soil Buffering Capacity to Long-Term N Deposition in Three Typical Tropical Forests with Different Land-Use History

Mao

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

116

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Elevated anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition has become an important driver of soil acidification at both regional and global scales. It remains unclear, however, how long-term N deposition affects soil buffering capacity in tropical forest ecosystems and in ecosystems of contrasting land-use history. Here, we expand on a long-term N deposition experiment in three tropical forests that vary in land-use history (primary, secondary, and planted forests) in Southern China, with N addition as NH 4 NO 3 of 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , respectively. Results showed that all three forests were acid-sensitive ecosystems with poor soil buffering capacity, while the primary forest had higher base saturation and cation exchange capacity than others. However, long-term N addition significantly accelerated soil acidification and decreased soil buffering capacity in the primary forest, but not in the degraded secondary and planted forests. We suggest that ecosystem N status, influenced by different land-use history, is primarily responsible for these divergent responses. N-rich primary forests may be more sensitive to external N inputs than others with low N status, and should be given more attention under global changes in the future, because lack of nutrient cations is irreversible.

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Nitrogen deposition in Swiss forests and its possible relevance for leaf nutrient status, parasite attacks and soil acidification

Cited by 114 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review

Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review

Phosphorus nutrition of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is decreasing in Europe

Divergent Responses of Soil Buffering Capacity to Long-Term N Deposition in Three Typical Tropical Forests with Different Land-Use History

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