Níveis séricos de interleucina-6 (IL-6), interleucina-18 (IL-18) e proteína C reativa (PCR) na síndrome coronariana aguda sem supradesnivelamento do ST em pacientes com diabete tipo 2

Abstract

our findings suggest a more intense inflammatory activity in patients with coronary instability. This inflammatory activity, as measured by CRP, seems to be even more intense in diabetic patients.

Inflammatory markers, endothelial function and cardiovascular risk

“…31 The increase in neutrophils and macrophages in response to microorganisms, but can also be stimulated by other cytokines, primarily interleukin-1 (IL-1) and TNF-α. 33 Since IL-6 is involved in a series of immunological activities, in particular synthesis of acute phase substances in the liver, it is an important inflammatory marker, because it is involved in metabolic regulation of CRP. 10 Both IL-6 and its receptor (gp130), are widely expressed during an inflammatory reaction, leading to undesirable effects on several organs.…”

“…40 Its role in inflammation and the fact that it leaves traces normally detected in blood means that it can be employed as a predictor of risk of cardiovascular events, through its interaction with classic risk factors such as creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). 12 C-reactive protein can be considered a biomarker of the process of endothelial dysfunction 33 and, at supraphysiological concentrations, as a predictor of vascular disease. It also plays an important role in down regulation of eNOS and in transcription of endothelial cells, which causes destabilization of eNOS-RNA.…”

“…The complement system is a complex enzymatic cascade of regulatory proteins that normally perform functions in defense mechanisms through the pathways of opsonization, chemoattraction of increases during hyperglycemia pulses, which are common among diabetics. 33 It has been proposed that the relationship between advancing age and increasing serum IL-6 levels is responsible for some of the phenotypical changes seen in aging, in particular those that are related to chronic inflammatory disease, such as reduction in lean body mass, osteopenia, anemia, reduced albumin levels and elevated concentrations of inflammatory proteins such as IL-6. Additionally, increased age in association with IL-6 has been linked to lymphoproliferative diseases, multiple myelomas, osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease.…”

“…34 Interleukin 6 plays an important role in the process of rupture or erosion of atherosclerotic plaques, and its serum levels are elevated during these events. 33 This increase may be related to the increase in CRP, since IL-6 promotes hepatic synthesis of this protein; although CRP has its own atherogenic effects, mediated part by IL-6 synthesis. 35 Among healthy men, elevated IL-6 levels are associated with increased risk of future myocardial ischemia.…”

Neuohumoral and Immunological Disorders in Patients With Q-Myocardial Infarction With Metabolic Syndrome

“…Поряд з провiдними класичними чин-никами ризику iнфаркту мiокарда велику увагу придiляють iмунозапальнiй актива-цiї, системi iнсулiноподiбного фактора ро-сту, ендотелiальнiй дисфункцiї, збiльшенню концентрацiї iнгiбiтора тканинного актива-тора плазмiногену тощо [6][7][8][9]. Дослiджен-ня особливостей змiн цих показникiв при iнфарктi мiокарда у хворих з МС має ва-жливе значення для розробки схем опти-мiзацiї вiдновлювального лiкування [9].…”