No significant increase in chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in cultured human lymphocytes treated with spiramycin

Rencüzoğulları, Eyyüp; İla, Hasan Basri; Topaktaş, Mehmet; Kayraldız, Ahmet; Budak, Songül; Arslan, Mehmet

doi:10.1002/tcm.1038

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although DMSO is known as a radical scavenger, in our study, DMSO induced micronucleus formation at 24 and 72 h compared with the control group. Some researchers have reported the genotoxic potential of DMSO (Rencuzogullari et al, 2002;Diaz et al, 2007). In addition, Diaz et al (2007) showed that DMSO alone increases micronucleus formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin on the hemocytes of Galleria mellonella

Kurt¹,

Kayış²

2015

Turk J Zool

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In the present study, the effects of deltamethrin on cell-mediated immune response and genotoxic damage of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were investigated. Different concentrations of deltamethrin (5, 20, 50, 100, and 150 µg) were administered to G. mellonella at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Five types of hemocytes were identified in G. mellonella: prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, granulocytes, spherulocytes, and oenocytes. Total hemocyte counts (THCs) were significantly affected by deltamethrin. At 72 h, THCs of the treated group had significantly decreased compared with the control groups at high deltamethrin concentrations (50, 100, and 150 µg); however, at 96 h, THCs had significantly increased at deltamethrin concentrations of 100 and 150 µg. Micronucleus formation was significantly affected by deltamethrin; in particular, high concentrations of deltamethrin (100 and 150 µg) caused an increase in micronucleus formation at all time points. We conclude that deltamethrin affected THCs and caused the induction of micronucleus formation via genotoxic damage in G. mellonella.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin on the hemocytes of Galleria mellonella

Kurt¹,

Kayış²

2015

Turk J Zool

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“…In the study of İla and Topaktaş [ 17 ], spiramycin (100 mg/kg bwt/day) induced the CA level in bone morrow cells of rats following oral treatment for 7 days. Spiramycin did not induce the level of CA and SCEs in the study of Rencüzoğulları et al [ 19 ]. Acetyl-spiramycin, a derivative of spiramycin, was not mutagenic against Salmonella Typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538 strains [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Possible Genotoxic Activity of Dirithromycin in Cultured Human Lymphocytes

Kayraldız

Dönbak

Kocaman

et al. 2015

Journal of Toxicology

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Dirithromycin antibiotic is a 14-membered lactone ring macrolide and is widely used in medicine to treat many different types of bacterial infections. In the present study, the possible genotoxicity of dirithromycin was evaluated in cultured human lymphocytes by using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), chromosome aberration (CA), and micronucleus (MN) tests and also cell proliferation kinetics such as mitotic index (MI), replication index (RI), and nuclear division index (NDI) were analyzed for cytotoxicity. Cell cultures were treated with four different concentrations of dirithromycin (37.75, 67.50, 125, and 250 µg/mL) for 24 and 48 h periods. Dirithromycin significantly induced SCE and MN frequency at all concentrations in both 24 and 48 h treated cells. In addition, CA level has been markedly increased in the cells treated with almost all concentrations of dirithromycin for 24 (except 37.75 µg/mL) and 48 h treatment periods as compared to control. However, MI, RI, and NDI values were not affected by the dirithromycin treatment (p > 0.05). The results of this study indicated that dirithromycin treatment caused genetic damage by increasing the level of cytogenetic endpoints, suggesting its genotoxic and mutagenic action on human lymphocytes in vitro.

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“…As high-affinity B cells require small amounts of antigen to be selected and to survive (15), it is conceivable that spiramycin delays the maturation of avidity by reducing the amounts of Toxoplasma antigen that select high-affinity B cells (4,5,6). Another hypothesis is that spiramycin acts on the immune maturation of lymphocytes and the secretion of cytokines but has no direct effect on Toxoplasma (22,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Spiramycin Treatment and Gestational Age on Maturation ofToxoplasma gondiiImmunoglobulin G Avidity in Pregnant Women

Lefevre-Pettazzoni

Bissery

Wallon

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the maturation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity after Toxoplasma gondii seroconversion during pregnancy and the factors that affect IgG avidity over time. The study used 309 serum samples from 117 women and a multiple linear mixed regression analysis to show the patterns of variation of IgG avidity throughout gestation. The IgG avidity ratios and the patterns of their evolution with time were quite diverse among the women and were statistically heterogeneous (P ‫؍‬ 0.011); however, the trend was toward a statistically significant increase (P < 0.0001). On average, a 1.0167-fold increase was observed for each additional gestational week after the putative date of infection. At 12 weeks after putative infection (the expected IgG avidity maturation time), the mean avidity ratio was 16.6% (95% confidence interval, 15.4 to 17.9%). At all times, the avidity ratio remained significantly heterogeneous among the women (P < 0.05); for 95% of them, that ratio ranged from 7.8 to 35.3% at 12 weeks after putative infection. Maternal age at the putative time of infection did not influence the maturation of IgG avidity. However, on average, a 1.009-fold decrease (P ‫؍‬ 0.03) in that avidity was observed for each additional week of gestational age before infection and a 1.03-fold increase (P ‫؍‬ 0.0003) was observed for each additional week of delay to the onset of spiramycin treatment. The rate of increase in the avidity ratio was lower if infection occurred late in pregnancy and higher if the delay to treatment was long. This information cannot allow accurate determination of the delay since the time of infection. The present results provide support for interpretation of the assay and caution against overinterpretation.Acute Toxoplasma gondii infection can have serious consequences on fetal development, including abortion, neurological and ocular fetal lesions, and subclinical infections (26). Moreover, some toxoplasma-linked ocular lesions appear or relapse during childhood or adolescence (25,33). This is why, in France, a monthly serological follow-up during pregnancy has been mandatory for seronegative women since 1992 (32).The risk of mother-to-child transmission of Toxoplasma gondii was shown to be inversely proportional to the stage of pregnancy at which maternal infection occurs (9, 17). Thus, dating of maternal toxoplasma infection during pregnancy is of great importance because it allows determination of the fetal risk. Today, various serological markers may be used to estimate the time that has elapsed since Toxoplasma seroconversion, including measurement of immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity (16). Although it is well recognized that a high IgG avidity ratio can rule out acute infection, a low IgG avidity ratio is insufficient to infer a recent infection (21). Moreover, data on the evolution of the IgG avidity ratio over time after Toxoplasma infection are lacking. Although the heterogeneity of that evolution has already been reported (13), studies on the effect of ...

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No significant increase in chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in cultured human lymphocytes treated with spiramycin

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin on the hemocytes of Galleria mellonella

Effects of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin on the hemocytes of Galleria mellonella

Evaluation of Possible Genotoxic Activity of Dirithromycin in Cultured Human Lymphocytes

Impact of Spiramycin Treatment and Gestational Age on Maturation ofToxoplasma gondiiImmunoglobulin G Avidity in Pregnant Women

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