Nocturnal Movements and Behavior of Wild Raccoons at a Winter Feeding Station

Sharp, Ward M.; Sharp, Louise H.

doi:10.2307/1376674

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Although most of the model parameters were calculated directly from field data, transmission rate had to be estimated indirectly because no study quantifying intra-or interspecific rabies transmission rates of free-ranging raccoons had been published. This is probably because the nocturnal, secretive nature of wild raccoons makes direct observation of their social interactions difficult (Sharp and Sharp, 1956). Rabies transmission rate can be estimated directly by calculating the contact rate of healthy animals such as foxes (White et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A heightened potential exists for both intra-and interspecific contacts and, hence, rabies transmission to occur at concentrated food sources because large numbers of raccoons as well as other mammals may be attracted to them (Seidensticker et al, 1988). In addition, common feeding areas offer a unique opportunity for observing, unobtrusively, the social interactions of wild raccoons (Sharp and Sharp, 1956).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contact Rates of Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) at a Communal Feeding Site in Rural Eastern Ontario

Totton¹,

Tinline

Rosatte

et al. 2002

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Intra-and interspecific contact rates of 12 adult (five females, seven males) raccoons (Procyon lotor) were recorded while these animals fed at a rural garbage dump 40 km north of Kingston, Ontario, Canada from 15 June to 5 September 1995. While raccoons were being observed, they bit, and were bitten, by their conspecifics an average of 0.99 (Ϯ0.21) and 1.28 (Ϯ0.21) times per hour, respectively, while feeding. Based on mean nightly contact rates (which included time when raccoons were not observed), raccoons bit one of their conspecifics once every 3 nights while feeding. The mean rate of bites made and received per hour for males was not significantly different from lactating females. There was no detectable difference between the mean rate of bites made and received per hour for raccoons which regularly versus occasionally fed at the dump. No interspecific contacts were observed, though raccoons and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) often fed at the dump concurrently. The contact rates in this study are the first to be calculated for raccoons directly from field data and will be useful as a point of reference for modeling rabies spread in raccoons in areas with similar site characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Rates of Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) at a Communal Feeding Site in Rural Eastern Ontario

Totton¹,

Tinline

Rosatte

et al. 2002

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Sharp et al (1956), dans Nous avons divise la periode d'activite horaire en quatre phases partiellement arbitrages (I'aller, la phase majeure, la phase mineure et le retour). Nous soup^onnions alors que la piste E interceptait un flux de passages en direction d'un complexe majeur de nourriture.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…: 1 passage par nuit = classe 1, meilleure exploration de Faire. Une manifestation frtquente des classes plus £lev£es que 2 peut etre caractaristique des porlgrinations de plusieurs individus qui se deplacent ensemble Sharp et aL (1956). relatent que irks souvent les individus arrivaient aux points de nourriture par petites bandes formees d'adultes, de juveniles ou encore d'une femelle avec ses jeunes.…”

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Schèmes Dynamiques Spatio-Temporels De L’activité De Procyon Lotor en Relation Avec Le Comportement

Bider¹,

Thibault²,

Sarrazin³

1968

Mammalia

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Gelte publication präsente les resultats d'une dtude de Pactivite d'une population de ratons laveurs (Procgon iotor lotor) effective dans les Laurentides, ä 65 milles au nord-ouest de Montreal, Quebec (Canada). La mdthode de la « piste de sable » fut utilised pour quantifier et qualifier les d^place-ments. L'activito estivale montre une phonologic prtcise : activito croissante et s u r t out sylvestre du dobut de ma i ä la mi-juillet, suivie d'une poriode de reläche (1 mois), puis une l£gere recrudescence d'activito, surtout en milieu de prairie, jusqu'ä la mi-septembre. Le maximum de PactivitS journaliere se situe entre 22 et 23 heures. La Periode d'activite* quotidienne pent etre divis£e en quatre parties : 1) Taller, entre 16 et 20 heures, 2) l'activit£ dans des aires majeures, entre 20 et 23-24 heures, 3) Pactivito dans des aires mineures, entre 24 heures et 3 heures, et 4) le retour aux gites. Quelques cas de dlplacements diurnes furent observes. Les Procgon utilisaient de proförence, dans le temps, les diffe*rentes aires d'un mime milieu. Leurs displacements sont polarises vers des sources de nourriture connues, pendant la premiere partie de la Periode d'activito (16 heures a 23-24 heures) alors que dans la seconde moitio, ils sont ateatoires et localises dans des sites ou la nourriture est Sparse. Lorsque les ratons ont trouvo une nouvelle source majeure de nourriture dans une aire mineure, ils y sont retournls de plus bonne heure les nuits suivantes. En combinant les facteurs heure d'activite 1 , longueur et sens des passages, nous avons obtenu 8 types possibles d'activite dont 7 s'observorent dans la re'alite'. Nous n'avons docelo aucune correlation directe entre intensity du flux d'activite* et les facteurs climatiques. Ces derniers agissent surtout indirectement par les gvanements biotiques qu'ils favorisent ou accentuent.

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“…However, mother-offspring and sibling bonds often continue until the next mating season (Fritzell 1977;Gehrt and Fritzell 1998a;Schneider et al 1971), and family members can reestablish bonds after the next mating seasons ends (Gehrt and Fritzell 1998a). Neighbor recognition with apparent dominantsubordinate relationships in captive males (Barash 1974), communal denning (Gehrt and Fritzell 1998b;Mech and Turkowski 1966), and observable social hierarchies at feeding stations (Sharp and Sharp 1956;Totton et al 2002) also lend support for a greater sociality in raccoons than commonly recognized.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%