Non-destructive Determination of Age and Species of Anopheles gambiae s.l. Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Mayagaya, Valeliana; Michel, Kristin; Benedict, Mark Q.; Killeen, Gerry F.; Wirtz, Robert A.; Ferguson, Heather M.; Dowell, Floyd E.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0192

Cited by 141 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In bio-photonics, glittering and matte properties are associated with the refractive index and the de-polarization ratio. So far optical insect age assessment has been pursued in laboratory settings [14,15], but in principle assessment could be achieved remotely.…”

Section: Classification and Information In Oscillatory Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SUPER RESOLUTION LASER RADAR WITH BLINKING ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES ---- APPLICATION TO INTERACTING FLYING INSECTS (Invited Paper)

Brydegaard¹,

Gebru²,

Svanberg³

2014

PIER

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Abstract-Assessment of biodiversity of pollinators on the landscape scale or estimation of fluxes of disease-transmitting biting midges constitutes a major technical challenge today. We have developed a laser-radar system for field entomology based on the so called Scheimpflug principle and a continuouswave laser. The sample-rate of this method is unconstrained by the round-trip time of the light, and the method allows assessment of the fast oscillatory insect wing-beats and harmonics over kilometers range, e.g., for species identification and relating abundances to the topography. Whereas range resolution in conventional lidars is limited by the pulse duration, systems of the Scheimpflug type are limited by the diffraction of the telescopes. However, in the case of sparse occurrence of the atmospheric insects, where the optical cross-section oscillates, estimation of the range and spacing between individuals with a precision beyond the diffraction limit is now demonstrated. This enables studies of insect interaction processes in-situ. REMOTE OPTICAL IN-SITU INSECT MONITORINGAlthough tiny in size, the massive number of insects makes them play a key role in most eco-systems around the globe. While the Western world experiences significant economic losses in agriculture due to lack of biodiversity and the colony collapse disorder of pollinators [1], disease vectors and pests are feared and, to a great extent, blamed for stagnating the development in tropical parts of the world.Whereas birds can be ring marked or tracked via GPS or sun loggers, only the very largest and least abundant insects can be equipped with electronic tags [2,3]. While research in the area of radar entomology has been conducted over several decades and numerous interesting applications have been described [4], laser radar (light detection and ranging; lidar) systems in the optical regime have the potential of achieving a far better sensitivity and address and classify even the tiniest insects, simply because most insects are much smaller than the wavelengths of microwaves used in radars but larger than the wavelengths of light. Further, optical off-the-shelf components allow spectral-and polarimetric target classification, providing molecular as well as microstructure information [5,6]. Along these lines our group has previously demonstrated lidar remote detection of insects labeled with fluorescent powders, e.g., for assessing dispersal rates on a landscape scale [7,8].Today a major limitation in ecological entomology is that insect abundance assessment is based on sweep nets, light-, pheromone-or CO 2 -traps. Placing and emptying the traps are tedious operations and constitute a major effort, and the results are known to be biased with respect to the species, sexes and age groups caught. Although trapping allows precise studies with microscopes, mass spectrometry

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Section: Classification and Information In Oscillatory Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SUPER RESOLUTION LASER RADAR WITH BLINKING ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES ---- APPLICATION TO INTERACTING FLYING INSECTS (Invited Paper)

Brydegaard¹,

Gebru²,

Svanberg³

2014

PIER

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“…(Nelson and Milby, 1982). Other methods, such as the use of infra-red spectroscopy (Mayagaya et al, 2009), cuticular hydrocarbons (Desena et al, 1999), pteridine concentrations (Lardeux et al, 2000), and gene profiling (Joy et al, 2012) tend to be expensive, labor intensive, use time-grouped data, and do not provide epidemiologically relevant information similar to the number of gonotrophic cycles completed. Alternatively, cohorts of adults of known age can be marked and released and then recaptured over time to measure survivorship by the decline in the recapture rate as a function of time (Reisen et al, 1980), but mortality here is confounded by losses due to emigration and removal sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of Post-capture Longevity in a Medically-Important Mosquito (Culex pipiens)

et al. 2016

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The epidemiological importance of the age structure and longevity potential of wild populations of mosquito disease vectors has been known for over 60 years. However, no routine method currently exists that provides reliable insights into the population age dynamics of this medically important group of insects. In this paper we use a technique originally developed for studying wild fruit fly populations to study the post-capture longevity dynamics in populations of the West Nile virus mosquito Culex pipiens in Greece. This approach, referred to as the captive cohort method, analyzes and interprets the longevity trends in wild-caught Cx. pipiens to infer demographic changes in their field population. Approximately 10 adult females were captured each day from June through November, housed in individual cages in the laboratory, and their remaining longevity recorded. Strong differences were observed in the mean, variation, and extremes of post-capture longevity. Early season (June-July) mosquitoes lived the shortest and late season the longest with a clear transition period in September. The mean levels of post-capture longevity were quite high at over 2 months in early season to over 85 days in late season when the vast majority of adults were nulliparous and likely preparing for hibernation. Implications for both basic and epidemiological research on the biodemography of aging in the wild are discussed.

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“…This rapid NIR method can help to study the effect of species, plant portion, maturity level, etc on the artemisinin content of teas. Another advantage of this technology is that the same instrument can be used to detect counterfeit pharmaceutical drugs and determine the age and species of malaria vectors (Mayagaya et al, 2009). …”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting the Antimalarial Artemisinin in Plant Extracts Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Dowell¹,

Wang²,

Wu³

et al. 2014

AJAST

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The antimalarial artemisinin is produced by Artemisia annua L and can be used to kill the protozoan parasite Plasmodium, which is spread by mosquitoes. Artemisinin is extracted from these plants through tea preparation. The artemisinin content of the tea varies depending on how much artemisinin was extracted. There is currently no rapid means of measuring the artemisinin content of the tea. We studied the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect artemisinin in tea extracts. NIR spectra were measured in 2mm pathlengh transmitted cuvettes. Our results showed that NIRS can be used to rapidly predict the artemisinin content (R 2 = 0.84, SECV=3.4 ppm), and the scanning procedure is simple and quick. Hundreds of samples can be prepared and scanned per day with relatively little training, and the process requires no consumables. This rapid and simple technique could be used in medical clinics to determine whether tea being prepared for patients contains enough artemisinin to be effective.

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Non-destructive Determination of Age and Species of Anopheles gambiae s.l. Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Cited by 141 publications

References 60 publications

SUPER RESOLUTION LASER RADAR WITH BLINKING ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES ---- APPLICATION TO INTERACTING FLYING INSECTS (Invited Paper)

SUPER RESOLUTION LASER RADAR WITH BLINKING ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES ---- APPLICATION TO INTERACTING FLYING INSECTS (Invited Paper)

Seasonality of Post-capture Longevity in a Medically-Important Mosquito (Culex pipiens)

Detecting the Antimalarial Artemisinin in Plant Extracts Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy

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