Non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation monitoring in Greece

Gotsis, Antonis G.; Papanikolaou, N.; Komnakos, Dimitris; Yalofas, A.; Constantinou, P.

doi:10.1007/s12243-007-0006-1

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The dataset of this publication is impressive but it is unclear whether temporal trends are affected by the underlying heterogeneous dataset, whereas our study used the exact same procedure over the entire study period. Monitoring systems have been implemented in various cities in Europe, such as in Greece (Gotsis et al, 2008), Italy (Troisi et al, 2008) and Portugal (Oliveira et al, 2007). However, no analyses of time trends are available from these measurement networks.…”

Section: Comparison Of Rf-emf Exposure Levels With the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal trends of radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure in everyday environments across European cities

Urbinello

Joseph

Verloock

et al. 2014

Environmental Research

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BackgroundThe rapid development and increased use of wireless telecommunication technologies led to a substantial change of radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure in the general population but little is known about temporal trends of RF-EMF in our everyday environment. ObjectivesThe objective of our study is to evaluate temporal trends of RF-EMF exposure levels in different microenvironments of three European cities using a common measurement protocol. MethodsWe performed measurements in the cities of Basel (Switzerland), Ghent and Brussels Within one year, total RF-EMF exposure levels in all outdoor areas combined increased by 57.1% (p<0.001) in Basel by 20.1% in Ghent (p=0.053) and by 38.2% (p=0.012) in Brussels Exposure increase was most consistently observed in outdoor areas due to emissions from mobile phone base stations. . In public transports RF-EMF levels tended also to increase but mostly without statistical significance.

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Section: Comparison Of Rf-emf Exposure Levels With the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal trends of radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure in everyday environments across European cities

Urbinello

Joseph

Verloock

et al. 2014

Environmental Research

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“…In comparison to personal exposure measurements, In situ outdoor measurements understandably set another ranking list: e.g. in Greek outdoor monitoring study the main sources for the RF exposure were determined to be FM, TV and mobile telephony antennas [10].…”

Section: / 6_________________________________________________________mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields from Wireless Networking with Portable Computers

Koppel

Vilcane

Ahonen

2015

Safety of Technogenic Environment

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The relevance of this study is determined by the rapid development in the portable computer and wireless data transmission technologies. Modern working and living environments have become abundant in radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. This article investigates the effectiveness of intervention measures to reduce laptop computer user's exposure to the radiofrequency electromagnetic field from wireless networking. Different exposure reduction solutions using 2G, 3G, 4G wireless network modems are studied. Intervention measures include: 1) selecting an area with better wireless network reception and 2) placing the network modem away from the user at different distances. The results show the greatest reduction in exposure when the wireless modem was placed outside the workplace, away from the line of sight. The reception quality also played a determining role in the output power of the computer's wireless modem. Therefore, the highest exposure levels were detected while the wireless modem was closest to the user's body and under the poorest network reception conditions.

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“…On the other hand, mobile systems are an unavoidable part of modern life and cannot be easily removed or replaced. For these reasons, an objective assessment of the human exposure to the radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation is of great importance [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Furthermore, exposure to RF electromagnetic field should be continuously monitored because of expected tremendous growth of traffic in future wireless networks [10] and dense implementation of small cells with base station installed closer to users [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion from mono-axial to isotropic measurements for assessing human exposure to electromagnetic fields of GSM/DCS/UMTS base stations

Koprivica

Nešković

2015

Ann. Telecommun.

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This paper proposes a way to assess total electric field strength by using mono-axial probe (instead of isotropic, tri-axial probe). When mono-axial probe is used, additional conversion factor should be applied. Consequently, the usage of mono-axial probe causes additional uncertainty in measurement results that should be taken into account. Measurement results for seven different environments show that the additional multiplicative conversion factor value of 1.95 should be applied and additional uncertainty in measurement results of 33.07 % should be taken into account.

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Non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation monitoring in Greece

Cited by 36 publications

References 2 publications

Temporal trends of radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure in everyday environments across European cities

Temporal trends of radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure in everyday environments across European cities

Reducing Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields from Wireless Networking with Portable Computers

Conversion from mono-axial to isotropic measurements for assessing human exposure to electromagnetic fields of GSM/DCS/UMTS base stations

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