Non‐target effects of insecticides, entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes applied against western corn rootworm larvae in maize

Babendreier, D.; Jeanneret, Philippe; Pilz, C.; Toepfer, Stefan

doi:10.1111/jen.12229

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Applied H. bacteriophora nematodes were detected almost four months after application in sandy loam soil at site 2 and almost five months after application in silty loam soil at site 1, which supports previous research [32,34,56]. These studies showed that the applied nematodes were able to survive in the soil for approximately one month without their host, which hatches 2-4 weeks after maize sowing and EPN application.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Field efficacy assessment of EPF, EPN, and insecticides revealed that EPF application shows lower efficacy than EPN or insecticides [28]. An evaluation of the potential non-target effects of these biological and chemical control agents was investigated by Babendreier et al (2015) [32]. However, a more recent field study showed that a combination of entomopathogens with chemical insecticides performed better than either product alone [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Field Efficacy of Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and Synthetic Insecticides for the Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae

Modic

Žigon

Kolmanič

et al. 2020

Insects

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The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae), is an important insect pest of maize in North America and Central and Eastern Europe. In Central Europe, the larvae emerge in May and its three instars feed intensively on maize roots in June, causing plant lodging that leads to a loss of economic yield. A three-year field experiment (2016–2018) was conducted to compare the effectiveness i) of soil-applied granular insecticide based on the active ingredient tefluthrin, ii) of maize seeds dressed with thiacloprid, and iii) entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae, product Dianem) against WCR larvae. An additional treatment with alcohol ethoxylate (i.e., soil conditioner) mixed with entomopathogenic nematodes was performed in 2017 and 2018 to check for any increase of entomopathogenic nematodes’ effectiveness. Field tests were carried out in two fields infested naturally with a WCR pest population, one in Bučečovci (Eastern Slovenia) and the other in Šmartno pri Cerkljah (northern Slovenia), exhibiting dissimilar pedo-climatic conditions and soil pest densities. The treatments were performed in five replicates per experiment in each year. The efficacy of the treatments was very similar at both locations, despite the approximately five-fold lower WCR soil pest densities in northern than in eastern Slovenia, as well as being constant over time. The largest number of WCR beetles was observed in the negative control, followed by that of beetles subjected to thiacloprid treatment (insignificant decrease taking into account the entire three-year dataset). Treatments with tefluthrin (44.1 ± 11.7%), H. bacteriophora (46.2 ± 7.4%), and H. bacteriophora + alcohol ethoxylate (49.2 ± 1.8%) significantly decreased the numbers of emerging beetles. Treatments of thiacloprid, H. bacteriophora, and H. bacteriophora + alcohol ethoxylate additionally led to significantly increased maize plant weights. Furthermore, entomopathogenic nematodes were able to persist in maize fields for almost five months at both experimental locations in silty and sandy loam soils. It was concluded that the control of WCR larvae in maize using the entomopathogenic nematode H. bacteriophora is as effective as a tefluthrin treatment, and could thus offer a sustainable Diabrotica v. virgifera biological control management option in Europe.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Field Efficacy of Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and Synthetic Insecticides for the Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae

Modic

Žigon

Kolmanič

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…Feeding by adults can cause the damage on leaves, flowers, pollen and silk by characteristic injuries (Trusca, 2013). in the nematode treatment, 3.15 in the fungus treatment, 1.89 in the tefluthrin treatment and 1.43 specimens in the clothianidin treatment (Babendreier et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mortality of the Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera larvae caused by entomopathogenic fungi

Cagáň

Števo

Gašparovič

et al. 2019

JCEA

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Mortality of the Western corn rootworm (WCR) larvae caused by entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria brongniartii, Metarhizium anisopliae was investigated in a laboratory. Larvae were treated with a spore suspension (concentration of 2 x 10 7 conidia/ml) by immersion. Only one strain of entomopathogenic fungi, a strain of B. brongniartii, significantly influenced mortality of WCR larvae after 7 days. Average mortality of the larvae was 17.63%. After 14 days, five strains of B. bassiana, two strains of B. brongniartii and one strain of M. anisopliae significantly influenced mortality of WCR larvae, with average mortality ranging from 25.83% to 60.57%. After 21 days from exposure of the larvae to spores, four strains of B. bassiana, two strains of B. brongniartii and one strain of M. anisopliae significantly influenced mortality of the WCR larvae with average mortality ranging from 62.5% to 86.6%. Results confirmed that interaction is possible between fungal strains and insect of a various geographical provenance. More than half of the tested fungal strains significantly influenced the mortality of WCR larvae after 14 and 21 days. It was found that differences between strains were more important than differences between fungal species.

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“…Third, in comparison to chemical pesticides, the multiple mode of action of EPF lessens the possibility of resistance development in insects [83]. Fourth, EPF pathogenicity is specific to insects, avoiding unexpected deleterious effects on non-target plant-beneficial organisms [84,85]. In this context, the great diversity of EPF strains allows selecting the most pathogenic ones, depending on the type of root pest and environmental factors [86].…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Control beneath the Feet: A Review of Crop Protection against Insect Root Herbivores

Kergunteuil

Bakhtiari

Formenti

et al. 2016

Insects

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Sustainable agriculture is certainly one of the most important challenges at present, considering both human population demography and evidence showing that crop productivity based on chemical control is plateauing. While the environmental and health threats of conventional agriculture are increasing, ecological research is offering promising solutions for crop protection against herbivore pests. While most research has focused on aboveground systems, several major crop pests are uniquely feeding on roots. We here aim at documenting the current and potential use of several biological control agents, including micro-organisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, and nematodes) and invertebrates included among the macrofauna of soils (arthropods and annelids) that are used against root herbivores. In addition, we discuss the synergistic action of different bio-control agents when co-inoculated in soil and how the induction and priming of plant chemical defense could be synergized with the use of the bio-control agents described above to optimize root pest control. Finally, we highlight the gaps in the research for optimizing a more sustainable management of root pests.

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Non‐target effects of insecticides, entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes applied against western corn rootworm larvae in maize

Cited by 25 publications

References 43 publications

Evaluation of the Field Efficacy of Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and Synthetic Insecticides for the Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae

Evaluation of the Field Efficacy of Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and Synthetic Insecticides for the Control of Western Corn Rootworm Larvae

Mortality of the Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera larvae caused by entomopathogenic fungi

Biological Control beneath the Feet: A Review of Crop Protection against Insect Root Herbivores

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