Nondestructive assay of plutonium and minor actinide in spent fuel using nuclear resonance fluorescence with laser Compton scattering <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si0007.gif" overflow="scroll"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">γ</mml:mi><mml:mtext>-rays</mml:mtext></mml:math>

Hayakawa, Takehito; Kikuzawa, N.; Hajima, Ryoichi; Shizuma, T.; Nishimori, N.; Fujiwara, M̄.; Seya, M.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.096

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…239 Pu impurities, which are very rare in nature, may be measured by observing the 60 keV rays from the photonuclear ð; 2nÞ reaction on 239 Pu. Identification of fissile isotopes of 235 U= 239 Pu via fission products are difficult [5]. Note that the present RPID emphasizes detection of very small impurities of the orders of ppb (10 À9 ) and ngr for science, and not for isotopes contained in heavy (10-30 cm) shields.…”

Section: B Rpid For 238 Umentioning

confidence: 81%

Resonant photonuclear isotope detection using medium-energy photon beam

Ejiri

Shima

2012

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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Resonant photonuclear isotope detection (RPID) is a nondestructive detection/assay of nuclear isotopes by measuring gamma rays following photonuclear reaction products. Medium-energy wideband photons of 12-16 MeV are used for the photonuclear reactions and gamma rays characteristic of the reaction products are measured by means of high-sensitivity Ge detectors. Impurities of stable and radioactive isotopes of the orders of micro-nano gr and ppm-ppb are investigated. RPID is used to study nuclear isotopes of astronuclear and particle physics interests and those of geological and historical interests. It is used to identify radioactive isotopes of fission products as well.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

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Section: B Rpid For 238 Umentioning

confidence: 81%

Resonant photonuclear isotope detection using medium-energy photon beam

Ejiri

Shima

2012

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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“…Robust detection of these lines could provide key information to improve the shipper-receiver difference or input accountability at the start of plutonium reprocessing [4,5]. Previous work by several groups [5][6][7][8] has shown that it is possible to detect the K-shell fluorescence lines of U and Pu from spent fuel using germanium detectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma-ray mirrors for direct measurement of spent nuclear fuel

Pivovaroff

Ziock

Fernández-Perea

et al. 2014

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Direct measurement of the amount of Pu and U in spent nuclear fuel represents a challenge for the safeguards community. Ideally, the characteristic gamma-ray emission lines from different isotopes provide an observable suitable for this task. However, these lines are generally lost in the fierce flux of radiation emitted by the fuel. The rates are so high that detector dead times limit measurements to only very small solid angles of the fuel. Only through the use of carefully designed view ports and long dwell times are such measurements possible. Recent advances in multilayer grazing-incidence gamma-ray optics provide one possible means of overcoming this difficulty. With a proper optical and coating design, such optics can serve as a notch filter, passing only narrow regions of the overall spectrum to a fully shielded detector that does not view the spent fuel directly. We report on the design of a mirror system and detector and a number of experimental measurements.

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“…Because this technique can be applied to quantitative management of nuclear fuel, it is suitable for nuclear nonproliferation studies. A useful LCS-γ source for the nondestructive assay of nuclear fuel and minor actinides in spent nuclear fuel [9,10] must produce a large number of γ-ray photons (∼10 13 photons/s). To achieve such intense γ-ray generation, large-current ultra-high-quality short-bunched electron beams are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%