Noninvasive Grading of Radiation Retinopathy

Veverka, Karen A.; AbouChehade, Jackson E.; Iezzi, Raymond; Pulido, Jose

doi:10.1097/iae.0000000000000844

Cited by 74 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…21 Small vessel changes have been demonstrated in multiple retinal vascular diseases, including, diabetic retinopathy, macular telangiectasia and radiation retinopathy. 22–24 Several methods have been used for evaluating retinal circulation, such as fluorescein angiography, Retinal Vessel Analyzer, Bidirectional laser Doppler velocimetry, Laser Doppler flowmetry and laser speckle flowgraphy, the blue-field simulation technique and color Doppler imaging. 25 Each of these methods had its own limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility of Vessel Density Measurement With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Eyes With and Without Retinopathy

You

Freeman

Weinreb

et al. 2017

Retina

110

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Purpose To determine the intra-visit and inter-visit reproducibility of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) measurements of macular vessel density in eyes with and without retinal diseases. Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers and 22 patients with retinal diseases underwent repeated OCTA (Angiovue Imaging System, Optovue Inc.) scans after pupil dilation on two separate visit days. For each visit day, the eyes were scanned twice. Vessel density defined as the proportion of vessel area with flowing blood over the total measurement area was calculated using Angiovue software. Intra-visit and inter-visit reproducibility were summarized as coefficients of variation (CV) and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) calculated from variance component models. Results The CVs representing the intra-visit reproducibility of the superficial macular vessel density measurements for different quadrants on 3 × 3 mm scans varied from 2.1–4.9% and 3.4–6.8% for healthy and diseased eyes respectively, and for the inter-visit it was 2.9–5.1% and 4.0–6.8% respectively. The CVs were lower in healthy eyes than in diseased eyes, lower for intra-visit than for inter-visit, lower on 3 × 3 mm scans than on 6 × 6 mm scans, and lower for paracentral subfields than for central subfield. Conclusion The evidence presented here demonstrates good reproducibility of OCTA for measurement of superficial macula vessel density in both healthy eyes and eyes with diabetic retinopathy without diabetic macular edema.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility of Vessel Density Measurement With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Eyes With and Without Retinopathy

You

Freeman

Weinreb

et al. 2017

Retina

110

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“…[14,16] Radiation-induced damage detection using OCT has been studied for various body organs, such as the eye, retinal microvasculature, oral cavity, skin tissue vascularity, and esophagus. [13,[17][18][19][20][21][22] However, there was a lack of OCT validation to detect ARIED, which we addressed in this study. Observed substantial ARIED in our results in both OCT and histopathology, and necrosis corresponded to a loss of esophageal wall layering.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography to detect acute esophageal radiation‐induced damage in mice: A validation study

Jelvehgaran

Bruin

Khmelinskii

et al. 2019

Journal of Biophotonics

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Radiation therapy for patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer is hampered by acute radiation‐induced toxicity in the esophagus. This study aims to validate that optical coherence tomography (OCT), a minimally invasive imaging technique with high resolution (~10 μm), is able to visualize and monitor acute radiation‐induced esophageal damage (ARIED) in mice. We compare our findings with histopathology as the gold standard. Irradiated mice receive a single dose of 40 Gy at proximal and distal spots of the esophagus of 10.0 mm in diameter. We scan mice using OCT at two, three, and seven days post‐irradiation. In OCT analysis, we define ARIED as a presence of distorted esophageal layering, change in backscattering signal properties, or change in the esophageal wall thickness. The average esophageal wall thickness is 0.53 mm larger on OCT when ARIED is present based on histopathology. The overall sensitivity and specificity of OCT to detect ARIED compared to histopathology are 94% and 47%, respectively. However, the overall sensitivity of OCT to assess ARIED is 100% seven days post‐irradiation. We validate the capability of OCT to detect ARIED induced by high doses in mice. Nevertheless, clinical studies are required to assess the potential role of OCT to visualize ARIED in humans.

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“…The OCT probe insertion-induced edema should be much lower or absent in humans due to availability of dedicated esophageal OCT catheters that can be inserted in a deflated state 32 and because of the larger size of the organ. Previous studies investigated the use of OCT in esophageal and radiation-induced damages, 20,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] the visibility of esophageal layers in OCT images, and the differentiation between healthy and cancerous esophagus. [39][40][41] Esophageal OCT has been used to detect Barrett's esophagus in various studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of using optical coherence tomography to detect acute radiation-induced esophageal damage in small animal models

et al. 2018

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"Feasibility of using optical coherence tomography to detect acute radiation-induced esophageal damage in small animal models," J. Biomed. Opt. 23(4), 046004 (2018), doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.23.4.046004. Abstract. Lung cancer survival is poor, and radiation therapy patients often suffer serious treatment side effects. The esophagus is particularly sensitive leading to acute radiation-induced esophageal damage (ARIED). We investigated the feasibility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for minimally invasive imaging of the esophagus with high resolution (10 μm) to detect ARIED in mice. Thirty mice underwent cone-beam computed tomography imaging for initial setup assessment and dose planning followed by a single-dose delivery of 4.0, 10.0, 16.0, and 20.0 Gy on 5.0-mm spots, spaced 10.0 mm apart in the esophagus. They were repeatedly imaged using OCT up to three months postirradiation. We compared OCT findings with histopathology obtained three months postirradiation qualitatively and quantitatively using the contrast-to-background-noise ratio (CNR). Histopathology mostly showed inflammatory infiltration and edema at higher doses; OCT findings were in agreement with most of the histopathological reports. We were able to identify the ARIED on OCT as a change in tissue scattering and layer thickness. Our statistical analysis showed significant difference between the CNR values of healthy tissue, edema, and inflammatory infiltration. Overall, the average CNR for inflammatory infiltration and edema damages was 1.6-fold higher and 1.6-fold lower than for the healthy esophageal wall, respectively. Our results showed the potential role of OCT to detect and monitor the ARIED in mice, which may translate to humans. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Noninvasive Grading of Radiation Retinopathy

Abstract: The use of OCT-A allows for earlier detection of RR; thus, existing grading systems should be modified to include OCT-A.

Cited by 74 publications

References 16 publications

Reproducibility of Vessel Density Measurement With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Eyes With and Without Retinopathy

Reproducibility of Vessel Density Measurement With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Eyes With and Without Retinopathy

Optical coherence tomography to detect acute esophageal radiation‐induced damage in mice: A validation study

Feasibility of using optical coherence tomography to detect acute radiation-induced esophageal damage in small animal models

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