Norfloxacin and metronidazole topical formulations for effective treatment of bacterial infections and burn wounds

Dua, Kamal; Malipeddi, Venkata Ramana; Madan, Jyotsana; Chakravarthi, Srikumar; Awasthi, Rajendra; Kikuchi, Irene Satiko; Pinto, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli

doi:10.1556/1646.8.2016.2.4

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar norfloxacin release profiles were observed by Dua et al [37] for semisolid systems loaded with 1% norfloxacin. Dependent of the type of system, drug release ranged from 70% to 41% in 7 h. The highest drug release was observed for Carbopol-based gel (about 70%) followed by polyethylene glycol-based formulation (66%), HPMC-based gel (45%) and, finally, the slowest release was evidenced in the case of an ointment.…”

Section: Norfloxacin Release Propertiessupporting

confidence: 86%

Norfloxacin-Loaded Electrospun Scaffolds: Montmorillonite Nanocomposite vs. Free Drug

et al. 2020

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Infections in nonhealing wounds remain one of the major challenges. Recently, nanomedicine approach seems a valid option to overcome the antibiotic resistance mechanisms. The aim of this study was the development of three types of polysaccharide-based scaffolds (chitosan-based (CH), chitosan/chondroitin sulfate-based (CH/CS), chitosan/hyaluronic acid-based (CH/HA)), as dermal substitutes, to be loaded with norfloxacin, intended for the treatment of infected wounds. The scaffolds have been loaded with norfloxacin as a free drug (N scaffolds) or in montmorillonite nanocomposite (H—hybrid-scaffolds). Chitosan/glycosaminoglycan (chondroitin sulfate or hyaluronic acid) scaffolds were prepared by means of electrospinning with a simple, one-step process. The scaffolds were characterized by 500 nm diameter fibers with homogeneous structures when norfloxacin was loaded as a free drug. On the contrary, the presence of nanocomposite caused a certain degree of surface roughness, with fibers having 1000 nm diameters. The presence of norfloxacin–montmorillonite nanocomposite (1%) caused higher deformability (90–120%) and lower elasticity (5–10 mN/cm2), decreasing the mechanical resistance of the systems. All the scaffolds were proven to be degraded via lysozyme (this should ensure scaffold resorption) and this sustained the drug release (from 50% to 100% in 3 days, depending on system composition), especially when the drug was loaded in the scaffolds as a nanocomposite. Moreover, the scaffolds were able to decrease the bioburden at least 100-fold, proving that drug loading in the scaffolds did not impair the antimicrobial activity of norfloxacin. Chondroitin sulfate and montmorillonite in the scaffolds are proven to possess a synergic performance, enhancing the fibroblast proliferation without impairing norfloxacin’s antimicrobial properties. The scaffold based on chondroitin sulfate, containing 1% norfloxacin in the nanocomposite, demonstrated adequate stiffness to sustain fibroblast proliferation and the capability to sustain antimicrobial properties to prevent/treat nonhealing wound infection during the healing process.

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Section: Norfloxacin Release Propertiessupporting

confidence: 86%

Norfloxacin-Loaded Electrospun Scaffolds: Montmorillonite Nanocomposite vs. Free Drug

et al. 2020

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“…Arthritis occurs in all age groups and peaks between the ages of 35 and 50, affecting~1% of the world's population. 1 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease that attacks the joints by producing proliferative synovitis, leading to the destruction of articular cartilage and underlying bone. 2,3 RA affects approximately 0.5-1% adults worldwide, with women being affected two to three times more frequently than men; RA is also associated with a high mortality rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arthritis collectively refers to more than 100 rheumatic diseases that are characterized by inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the musculoskeletal system and that range from localized, self‐limiting conditions to systemic, autoimmune processes. Arthritis occurs in all age groups and peaks between the ages of 35 and 50, affecting ~1% of the world's population . Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease that attacks the joints by producing proliferative synovitis, leading to the destruction of articular cartilage and underlying bone .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiarthritic effect of chitosan nanoparticle loaded with embelin against adjuvant‐induced arthritis in Wistar rats

Cui

Sreeharsha

et al. 2020

IUBMB Life

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Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with joint damage. Effectiveness of embelin has been established in a wide variety of inflammatory disorders, but its utility as a therapeutic agent is limited by its poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and fast systemic elimination. To apprehend these limitations, we propose to use highly bioavailable embelin‐loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS‐embelin NPs) for the treatment of RA. Methods The rats were made arthritic using a subcutaneous injection with 0.1 ml complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the footpad of the left hind paw. CS‐embelin NPs (25 and 50 mg/kg) was administered from day 15 to day 28 after adjuvant injection. After the experimental period, the animals were sacrificed and various biochemical markers were assessed. Results Arthritic score and paw swelling were significantly reduced after treatment with CS‐embelin NPs. Arthritis‐induced rats showed a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) with a concomitant reduction of antioxidants in the paw tissue. CS‐embelin NPs (25 and 50 mg/kg) reduced MDA and NO levels and restored antioxidant levels to normalcy by mitigating oxidative stress. The arthritic rats exhibited elevated tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β) serum concentrations, upregulated TNF‐ α and IL–6 protein levels and upregulated nuclear factor‐kB (NF‐kB) mRNA expression in paw tissues. Treatment with CS‐embelin NPs (25 and 50 mg/kg) significantly reduced serum levels and down‐regulated inflammatory markers to normalcy, dose‐dependently. Conclusion The results suggest that CS‐embelin NPs displayed a protective effect against adjuvant‐induced arthritis in rats mediated through antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects.

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“…Elevated concentration of uric acid (UA) is linked to increased rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, stroke, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension in the general population . Multivariate analysis study was conducted to detect that systolic blood pressure, UA, and hematocrit are the predictors for increased Hcy concentration . Moreover, the various studies have explored significant correlations between Hcy, UA, and creatinine .…”

Section: Metabolism Of Homocysteinementioning

confidence: 99%

Combinational effect of angiotensin receptor blocker and folic acid therapy on uric acid and creatinine level in hyperhomocysteinemia‐associated hypertension

Singh¹,

Samuel

Dahiya

et al. 2019

Biotech and App Biochem

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Homocysteine [HSCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH] (Hcy) is a sulfur‐containing amino acid of 135.18 Da of molecular weight, generated during conversion of methionine to cysteine. If there is a higher accumulation of Hcy in the blood, that is usually above 15 µmol/L, it leads to a condition referred to as hyperhomocysteinemia. A meta‐analysis of observational study suggested an elevated concentration of Hcy in blood, which is termed as the risk factors leading to ischemic heart disease and stroke. Further experimental studies stated that Hcy can lead to an increase in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and functional impairment of endothelial cells. The analyses confirmed some of the predictors for Hcy presence, such as serum uric acid (UA), systolic blood pressure, and hematocrit. However, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) alone are inadequate for controlling UA and creatinine level, although the addition of folic acid may be beneficial in hypertensive patients who are known to have a high prevalence of elevated Hcy. We hypothesized that combination therapy with an ARB (olmesartan) and folic acid is a promising treatment for lowering the UA and creatinine level in hyperhomocysteinemia‐associated hypertension.

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Norfloxacin and metronidazole topical formulations for effective treatment of bacterial infections and burn wounds

Abstract: These findings suggest formulations containing norfloxacin and metronidazole may also prove as an effective alternative for existing remedies in the treatment of bacterial infections and burn wounds.

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Norfloxacin-Loaded Electrospun Scaffolds: Montmorillonite Nanocomposite vs. Free Drug

Norfloxacin-Loaded Electrospun Scaffolds: Montmorillonite Nanocomposite vs. Free Drug

Antiarthritic effect of chitosan nanoparticle loaded with embelin against adjuvant‐induced arthritis in Wistar rats

Combinational effect of angiotensin receptor blocker and folic acid therapy on uric acid and creatinine level in hyperhomocysteinemia‐associated hypertension

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