Nosocomial rotavirus gastroenterocolitis in a large tertiary paediatric hospital in Warsaw, 2006-2010

Abstract

IntroductionRotaviruses are the leading cause of community-acquired and nosocomial gastroenterocolitis in children. There are limited data concerning the epidemiology of nosocomial rotavirus gastroenterocolitis (NRVG) in Central European countries, including Poland. The aim of our study was to analyse the epidemiology of NRVG in a large tertiary hospital in Warsaw.Material and methodsWe analysed retrospectively data of 63 173 patients aged 0-18 years hospitalized in the period 2006-2010. Nosocomial rotavirus gastroenterocolitis was defined as acute gastroenterocolitis (> 3 loose, or looser than normal, stools in 24 h and/or vomiting), confirmed with rapid immunochromatographic test (BioMaxima, Poland), if symptoms developed > 48 h after admission.ResultsIn total 575 cases of NRVG were diagnosed. The cumulative attack rate of NRVG was calculated as 0.91% (95% CI: 0.85-0.98%). The incidence density was 2.05/1000 bed-days (95% CI: 0.19-0.22/1000 bed-days). The mean proportion of NRVG among all rotavirus infections was 24%. The highest rates of NRVG were noted at wards where the mean duration of hospital stay was longer than 5 days (General Paediatrics and Neonatal Pathology). Seventy-one percent of children with NRVG were younger than 2 years. The mean duration of hospital stay of children with NRVG was longer than the average duration of hospitalization (11.6 days vs. 4.6 days, p < 0.01).ConclusionsOur study showed a relevant incidence of NRVG, which can prolong the children's hospital stay. Limiting the number of NRVG is important to improve patients’ safety and to avoid additional costs. Routine vaccination against rotavirus diseases could reduce the number of NRVG.

The effects of nosocomial rotavirus gastroenteritis on the length of hospital stay and cost

“…Studies have shown that rotavirus gastroenteritis is more frequent in the autumn and winter months [16,17]. Similarly, we found that rotavirus gastroenteritis was more frequent (77.5%) between October and March.…”

Yatarak Tedavi Gerektiren Akut İshalli Çocukların Rotavirüs ve Enterik Adenovirüs Enfeksiyonu Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi

“…(13) çalışmasında ise ishal nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılarak tedavi altına alınan çocukların %34.4'ü, Nitsch-Osuch ve ark. (15) çalışmalarında ise %24'ü rotavirüs enteriti tanısıyla yatış yapılan hastalardan oluştuğu raporlanmıştır. Avrupa'da yapılan ve birçok ülkeyi içine alan çalışmada ishalli çocuklarda rotavirüs pozitifliği %27-52 olarak belirtilmiştir (16) İshalli hastaların tedavisinde özellikle sosyo-ekonomik seviyesi düşük bölgelerde ishal şiddetinin azaltılması için çinko ve probiyotik tedavileri tercih edilmektedir (2).…”

“…Yatarak tedavi altına alınan hastalarda enterik adenovirüs sıklığı ise literatürle uyumludur. Rota ve enterik adenovirüs ishal tanısı literatürle uyumlu olarak erkek cinsiyette daha sık görülmüştür (15,17).…”

Rotavirus in Organ Transplantation: Drug-Virus-Host Interactions

“…In the setting of transplantation, it is possible that the virus is transmitted from infected children or healthcare workers to organ transplant patients during an outbreak, since rotavirus easily presents with nosocomial infection . Indeed, hospitalization and frequent hospital visiting may be important risk factors . Overall, the incidence of rotavirus infection in transplantation setting is considerably high according to these reported cohort studies (Table ).…”

“…Fecal‐oral infection is the most common transmission route and poor hygiene accounts for spreading of the virus among children in developing world . In the setting of transplantation, it is possible that the virus is transmitted from infected children or healthcare workers to organ transplant patients during an outbreak, since rotavirus easily presents with nosocomial infection . Indeed, hospitalization and frequent hospital visiting may be important risk factors .…”