Notizen: Weitere Untersuchungen zum Problem der Ganzkörper-Bestrahlung der weißen Maus. Sofortiger Tod durch Strahlung

Rajewsky, B.; Heuse, O.; Aurand, K.

doi:10.1515/znb-1953-0308

Cited by 18 publications

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“…Characteristic signs of the acute CNS syndrome without diarrhea (1,5) were observed during the first 3 days after irradiation. Those mice that lived 4 days or more after head irradiation died within 10 days after irradiation, apparently from combined gastrointestinal (2,22,23) and CNS radiation damage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Irradiation of the head of a mouse by more than 120 Gy of xrays usually causes death from the acute central nervous system (CNS) radiation syndrome within 3.5 days after irradiation (1). Blood vessels are damaged in the acute CNS syndrome (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Anesthetized mice (8-to 16-week-old, female Swiss albino mice of the Brookhaven National Laboratory Hale-Stoner strain) were confined to plastic tubes for placement into body-shielding holders ( Fig. 1) for boron-neutron capture irradiation or x-irradiation of their heads (5,1). Neutron exposures were carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Medical Research Reactor (6), operated at 3 MW power.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Neutron exposures were carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Medical Research Reactor (6), operated at 3 MW power. X-ray exposures were carried out with a Maxitron 250 (General Electric) at 250 kVp through copper (0.5 mm) and aluminum (1.0 mm) filters (first half-value layer, 1 IThe upper surface of the plastic mouse holder ( Fig. 1 c and d), not the upper surface of its Pb shield (5), was in a horizontal plane 9.5 cm below the focal point of the anode of the x-ray generator.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…al cells from HCP due to 10B in blood and parenchyma can be expressed as DHCP,B = (7.68 X 10-12)LfBFb B + (1 -fB)Fp,B1]oe107d, [1] where: fB is the fraction of the HCP dose to endothelial cells mGy s-1. The absorbed dose of x-rays in mice decreased radially by the factor e-21d, where d (in meters) is the distance from the plane that is tangent to the vertical, cylindrical plastic head buttress of the x-irradiation mouse holder to a parallel plane of interest in the mouse or in the mouse dosimetry phantom.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Central nervous system radiation syndrome in mice from preferential 10B(n, alpha)7Li irradiation of brain vasculature.

Slatkin

Stoner

Rosander

et al. 1988

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Ionizing radiations were directed at the heads of anesthetized mice in doses that evoked the acute central nervous system (CNS) radiation syndrome. Irradiations were done using either a predominantly thermal neutron field at a nuclear reactor after intraperitoneal i'jection of '°B-enriched boric acid or 250-kilovolt-peak x-rays with and without previous intraperitoneal injection of equivalent unenriched boric acid. Since '°B concentrations were =3-fold higher in blood than in cerebral parenchyma during the reactor irradiations, more radiation from a and 7Li particles was absorbed by brain endothelial cells than by brain parenchymal cells. Comparison of the LDjO dose for CNS radiation lethality from the reactor experiments with the LD50 dose from the x-ray experiments gives results compatible with morphologic evidence that endothelial cell damage is a maijor determinant of acute lethality from the CNS radiation syndrome. It was also observed that boric acid is a low linear energy transfer radiation-enhancement agent in vivo.Irradiation of the head of a mouse by more than 120 Gy of xrays usually causes death from the acute central nervous system (CNS) radiation syndrome within 3.5 days after irradiation (1). Blood vessels are damaged in the acute CNS syndrome (2). If a 10B-enriched substance is injected rapidly into a mouse and then penetrates the blood-brain barrier slowly, endothelial cells and parenchymal cells of the brain will be irradiated unequally by heavy charged particles (HCP) from the 10B(n,a)7Li nuclear reaction (3) ms-1, the average neutron speed at 200C (8,9). In 6% of such captures, the 10B(n,a)7Li reaction leads to the lower 7Li energy state (Ea = 1.777 MeV; ELU = 1.014 MeV; 1 eV = 1.602 x 10-19 J), whereas in 94% of captures, the reaction leads to the first excited state of 7Li, from which a 478-keV photon is emitted (Ea = 1.471 MeV; ELI = 0.839 MeV). For uniform distribution of boron, the kinetic energy released in matter (kerma) rate due to these HCP is, therefore, 7.68 x 10-12 FBq Gy-s-', where FB is the 10B mass fraction in the tissue and 4 is the thermal neutron fluence rate (s-1.m-2).tt For endothelial cells, the usual assumption of equivalence between the kerma rate and the absorbed dose rate is inapplicable. Since endothelial cells demarcate the physiological blood-brain barrier anatomically (10,11), and since blood 10B concentrations were about 3 times greater than parenchymal 10B concentrations during exposure to neutrons (Fig. 2 [:14 ,um long (a 9 um, 7Li 5 ,um; ref. 13) and :0.1 ,um in diameter] that envelop the colinear paths of the two mutually recoiling HCP. The radial gradiAbbreviations: CNS, central nervous system; GyE, Gy equivalent; HCP, heavy charged particle; kerma, kinetic energy released in matter; kVp, kilovolt peak; RBE, relative biological effectiveness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central nervous system radiation syndrome in mice from preferential 10B(n, alpha)7Li irradiation of brain vasculature.

Slatkin

Stoner

Rosander

et al. 1988

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Life spans of different strains of mice as affected by acute irradiation with 100 PKV X‐rays

Gowen

Stadler

1956

J. Exp. Zool.

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Agriculture and Mechanical A r t s FOUR FIQURESThe consequences following radiant energy absorption in the body have been measured by changes observed in isolated segments of the body as changes in particular organs, tissues, cells o r cell components. These observations are pertinent to an understanding of the mechanisms by which radiant energy acts. The lesions observed specify the entities which in sum total create the effects on life. Life span represents an integration of these many body parts as they measure up in function day by day. The many factors involved include those inherent in the animal as well as those which are outside the animal or are environmental. This leads to high variability between individuals. Difficult as this measure is for this reason, life span represents the only overall evaluation of the effects on the animal's well being which takes into account all of the factors involved. Information from one of our several experiments designed to furnish data on this question are presented in this paper. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe X-rays utilized were generated by a Coolidge tube operating at 98 pkv, 2.5 ma. The mice were exposed at 36.5 cm

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Strahlentherapie maligner Tumoren

Bauer

1963

Das Krebsproblem

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Notizen: Weitere Untersuchungen zum Problem der Ganzkörper-Bestrahlung der weißen Maus. Sofortiger Tod durch Strahlung

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Central nervous system radiation syndrome in mice from preferential 10B(n, alpha)7Li irradiation of brain vasculature.

Central nervous system radiation syndrome in mice from preferential 10B(n, alpha)7Li irradiation of brain vasculature.

Life spans of different strains of mice as affected by acute irradiation with 100 PKV X‐rays

Strahlentherapie maligner Tumoren

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