Novel glycylated sugar alcohols protect ESC-specific microRNAs from degradation in iPS cells

Chang-Lin, Samantha; Hung, Albert Y.; Chang, Donald C.; Lin, Yanqing; Ying, Shao‐Yao; Lin, Shi-Lung

doi:10.1093/nar/gkw186

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Glycylglycerins are a type of novel sugar alcohols that are tightly bound with negatively charged miR-302 precursor through electro-affinity, forming sugar-like coats as microcapsules [57]. Mixed with miR-302, glycylglycerins protect the miRNA from degradation, even at room temperature [57]. Protecting the siR-302 from degradation by the glycylglycerins which coated the siRNA also silenced the target genes of miR-302.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microRNA and the perspectives of miR-302

Chen

Ying

2019

Heliyon

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MiRNAs are naturally occurring, small, non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of a large number of genes involved in various biological processes, either through mRNA degradation or through translation inhibition. MiRNAs play important roles in many aspects of physiology and pathology throughout the body, particularly in cancer, which have made miRNAs attractive tools and targets for translational research. The types of non-coding RNAs, biogenesis of miRNAs, circulating miRNAs, and direct delivery of miRNA were briefly reviewed. As a case of point, the role and perspective of miR-302, a family of ES-specific miRNA, on cancer, iPSCs, heart disease were presented.

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Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microRNA and the perspectives of miR-302

Chen

Ying

2019

Heliyon

Self Cite

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“…However, all these isolation kits still employ multiple steps and require access to laboratory equipment for centrifugation, mixing, and freeze-thawing. Further, the extensive sample handling steps may lead to sample degradation by endogenous RNase activity, as well as extremes of pH and temperature [ 165 , 166 ]. Additionally, the presence of low-copy-number miRs makes the isolation process even more challenging, emphasizing the importance of efficient sample processing to minimize loss.…”

Section: Recent Developments In Integrated Lab-on-a-chip Technologmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Technologies and Recent Developments for Screening of HPV-Associated Cervical and Oropharyngeal Cancers

Shah

Senapati

Klacsmann³

et al. 2016

Cancers

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Mucosal infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for a growing number of malignancies, predominantly represented by cervical cancer and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Because of the prevalence of the virus, persistence of infection, and long latency period, novel and low-cost methods are needed for effective population level screening and monitoring. We review established methods for screening of cervical and oral cancer as well as commercially-available techniques for detection of HPV DNA. We then describe the ongoing development of microfluidic nucleic acid-based biosensors to evaluate circulating host microRNAs that are produced in response to an oncogenic HPV infection. The goal is to develop an ideal screening platform that is low-cost, portable, and easy to use, with appropriate signal stability, sensitivity and specificity. Advances in technologies for sample lysis, pre-treatment and concentration, and multiplexed nucleic acid detection are provided. Continued development of these devices provides opportunities for cancer screening in low resource settings, for point-of-care diagnostics and self-screening, and for monitoring response to vaccination or surgical treatment.

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The MicroRNA

Ying¹,

Chang²,

Lin³

2018

MicroRNA Protocols

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs), widely distributed, small regulatory RNA genes, target both messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation and suppression of protein translation based on sequence complementarity between the miRNA and its targeted mRNA. Different names have been used to describe various types of miRNA. During evolution, RNA retroviruses or transgenes invaded the eukaryotic genome and were inserted itself in the noncoding regions of DNA, conceivably acting as transposon-like jumping genes, providing defense from viral invasion and fine-tuning of gene expression as a secondary level of gene modulation in eukaryotes. When a transposon is inserted in the intron, it becomes an intronic miRNA, taking advantage of the protein synthesis machinery, i.e., mRNA transcription and splicing, as a means for processing and maturation. MiRNAs have been found to play an important, but not life-threatening, role in embryonic development. They might play a pivotal role in diverse biological systems in various organisms, facilitating a quick response and accurate plotting of body physiology and structures. Based on these unique properties, manufactured intronic miRNAs have been developed for in vitro evaluation of gene function, in vivo gene therapy, and generation of transgenic animal models. The biogenesis of miRNAs, circulating miRNAs, miRNAs and cancer, iPSCs, and heart disease are presented in this chapter, highlighting some recent studies on these topics.

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Novel glycylated sugar alcohols protect ESC-specific microRNAs from degradation in iPS cells

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

The microRNA and the perspectives of miR-302

The microRNA and the perspectives of miR-302

Current Technologies and Recent Developments for Screening of HPV-Associated Cervical and Oropharyngeal Cancers

The MicroRNA

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