Nuclear Migration: An Indicator of Plant Salinity Tolerance in vitro

Elmaghrabi, Adel M.; Francis, Dennis; Rogers, Hilary J.; Ochatt, Sergio

doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.00783

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This might be explained by the fact that gradual subjection to increasing intensity of stress-inducing factor allows physiological and biochemical adjustments, which are the basis for a new cellular homeostasis compatible with the imposed stress. These observations are in line with those observed in rice by [15], in potato by [13], in sugarcane by [16,31], in tobacco and Medicago truncatula by [23], and in palm date by [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, tissue culture is coupled with somaclonal variation, which is a genetic variation that has been generated during in vitro culture [19][20][21]. Somaclonal variation has provided a natural source for several desirable unintended impacts in in vitro cultured plants [22] and has also succeeded in selecting novel cultivars in many propagated crops [14,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obtaining Salt Stress-Tolerant Eggplant Somaclonal Variants from In Vitro Selection

Hannachi

Werbrouck

Bahrini

et al. 2021

Plants

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An efficient regeneration protocol was applied to regenerate shoots on salt stress-tolerant calli lines of aubergine (Solanum melongena). These NaCl-tolerant cell lines were obtained by two different methods. On the one hand, the developed callus tissue was transferred to a medium with a continuous salt content of 40, 80, 120, or 160 mM NaCl. On the other hand, the callus tissue was subjected to a stepwise increasing salinity to 160 mM NaCl every 30 days. With the second method, calli which could be selected were characterized by compact growth, a greenish color, and absence of necrotic zones. When grown on salt-free medium again, NaCl-tolerant calli showed a decline in relative growth rate and water content in comparison to the control line. This was more obvious in the 120 mM NaCl-tolerant callus. Lipid peroxidase activity increased in 40 and 80 mM NaCl-tolerant calli; yet did not increase further in 120 mM-tolerant callus. An increase in ascorbic acid content was observed in 80 and 120 mM NaCl-tolerant calli compared to the 40 mM NaCl-tolerant lines, in which ascorbic acid content was twice that of the control. All NaCl-tolerant lines showed significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) (208–305–370 µmol min−1 mg−1 FW) and catalase (CAT) (136–211–238 µmol min−1 mg−1 FW) activities compared to control plants (231 and 126 µmol min−1 mg−1 FW). Plants were regenerated on the calli lines that could tolerate up to 120 mM NaCl. From the 32 plants tested in vitro, ten plants with a higher number of leaves and root length could be selected for further evaluation in the field. Their high salt tolerance was evident by their more elevated fresh and dry weight, their more increased relative water content, and a higher number and weight of fruits compared to the wild-type parental control. The presented work shows that somaclonal variation can be efficiently used to develop salt-tolerant mutants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obtaining Salt Stress-Tolerant Eggplant Somaclonal Variants from In Vitro Selection

Hannachi

Werbrouck

Bahrini

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…More recently, although some studies have focused on exogenous application of nanoparticle for the plant growth and development processes, its specific function related to callus and regeneration is, to our knowledge, still not clear. In vitro tissue culture is an extremely powerful tool for a deeper understanding of the physiology and biochemistry in molecular plant breeding under adverse environmental conditions (Bezirganoglu 2017;Elmaghrabi et al 2019). Application of the plants with NPs influenced callus proliferation, cell divisions, root structure, numbers of the leaves, shoot length, total biomass amount in several species under normal conditions and stress, based on its hormone-like functions and antioxidant activities (Gohari et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effects of CaO nanoparticles on Triticale callus exposed to short and long-term salt stress

et al. 2020

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Key message Ca 2+ NPs enhanced tolerance of Triticale callus under salt stress by improving biochemical activity and confocal laser scanning analysis, conferring salt tolerance on callus cells. Abstract CaO NPs (Ca 2+ ) are significant components that act as transducers in many adaptive and developmental processes in plants. In this study, effect of Ca 2+ NPs on the response and regulation of the protective system in Triticale callus under short and long-salt treatments was investigated. The activation of Ca 2+ NPs was induced by salt stress in callus of Triticale cultivars. MDA, H 2 O 2 , POD, and protein activities were determined in callus tissues. Concerning MDA, H 2 O 2 , protein activities, it was found that the Ca 2+ NPs treatment was significant, and it demonstrated a high correlation with the tolerance levels of cultivars. Tatlıcak cultivar was detected for better MDA activities in the short time with 1.5 ppm Ca 2+ NPs concentration of 50 g and 100 g NaCl. Similarly, the same cultivar responded with better H 2 O 2 activity at 1.5 ppm Ca 2+ NPs 100 g NaCl in the short time. POD activities exhibited a decreasing trend in response to the increasing concentrations of Ca 2+ NPs. The best result was observed at 1.5 ppm Ca 2+ NPs 100 g NaCl in the short term. Based on the protein content, treatment of short-term cultured callus cells with 1.5 ppm Ca 2+ NPs inhibited stress response and it significantly promoted Ca 2+ NPs signals as compared to control callus. Confocal laser scanning analysis proved that the application of Ca 2+ NPs could alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress by the inhibition of stress severity in callus cells. This study demonstrated, under in vitro conditions, that the application of Ca 2+ NPs can significantly suppress the adverse effects of salt stress on Triticale callus; it was also verified that the concentration of Ca 2+ NPs could be important parameter to be considered in adjusting the micronutrient content in the media for this plant.

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“…Consistently, the higher ploidy of M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus cortex cells can be related to the presence of aquifer parenchyma, which is formed by large cells with elevated ploidy and capacity for storing large volumes of water ( De Rocher et al, 1990 ). Indeed, endoreduplication has been associated with adaptation to saline and water stress conditions, extremely dry conditions and elevated temperatures ( Lema-Rumińska, 2011 ; Elmaghrabi et al, 2013 ; Scholes and Paige, 2015 ; Elmaghrabi et al, 2017 ; Elmaghrabi et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase in nuclear volume is often correlated with an increase in cell size as it ensures a functional surface-to-volume ratio. In this sense, endoreduplication offers an efficient strategy for plant growth ( Kondorosi et al, 2000 ; Lee et al, 2009 ; Bhosale et al, 2019 ) and sometimes also favors repositioning of the nuclei within the cytoplasm under stress to better cope with it ( Elmaghrabi et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy, Flow Cytometry, and X-Ray Tomography Reveal Tissue Organization and Ploidy Distribution in Long-Term In Vitro Cultures of Melocactus Species

et al. 2020

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Cacti have a highly specialized stem that enables survival during extended dry periods. Despite the ornamental value of cacti and the fact that stems represent the main source of explants in tissue culture, there are no studies on their morpho-anatomical and cytological characteristics in Melocactus . The present study seeks to address the occurrence of cells with mixed ploidy level in cacti tissues. Specifically, we aim to understand how Melocactus stem tissue is organized, how mixoploidy is distributed when present, and whether detected patterns of ploidy change after long periods of in vitro culture. To analyze tissue organization, Melocactus glaucescens and Melocactus paucispinus plants that had been germinated and cultivated in vitro were analyzed for stem structure using toluidine blue, Xylidine Ponceau, Periodic Acid Schiff, ruthenium red, and acid floroglucin. To investigate patterns of ploidy, apical, medial, and basal zones of the stem, as well as, periphery, cortex, and stele (vascular tissue and pith) regions of the stem and root apexes from four- and ten-year old cultured in vitro were analyzed by flow cytometry. X-ray micro-computed tomography (XRµCT) was performed with fragments of stems from both species. The scarcity of support elements ( i.e. , sclereids and fibers) indicates that epidermis, hypodermis, and wide-band tracheids present in cortical vascular bundles and stele, as well as water stored in aquifer parenchyma cells along the cortex, provide mechanical support to the stem. Parenchyma cells increase in volume with a four-fold increase in ploidy. M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus exhibit the same pattern of cell ploidy irrespective of topophysical region or age, but there is a marked difference in ploidy between the stem periphery (epidermis and hypodermis), cortex, stele, and roots. Mixoploidy in Melocactus is not related to the age of the culture, but is a developmental trait, whereby endocycles promote cell differentiation to accumulate valuable water.

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Nuclear Migration: An Indicator of Plant Salinity Tolerance in vitro

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Obtaining Salt Stress-Tolerant Eggplant Somaclonal Variants from In Vitro Selection

Obtaining Salt Stress-Tolerant Eggplant Somaclonal Variants from In Vitro Selection

In vitro effects of CaO nanoparticles on Triticale callus exposed to short and long-term salt stress

Anatomy, Flow Cytometry, and X-Ray Tomography Reveal Tissue Organization and Ploidy Distribution in Long-Term In Vitro Cultures of Melocactus Species

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