Numerical estimation of deformation energy of selected bulk oilseeds in compression loading

Demirel, Çimen; Kabutey, Abraham; Herák, D.; Gürdil, Gürkan Alp Kağan

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/237/1/012004

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The deformation energy is the internal energy stored by a system undergoing deformation by an external load; it is described as the area under the curve and the displacement coordinate axis before the maximum extrusion force. The deformation energy was calculated using Equation (3) (Demirel, Kabutey, Herak, & Gurdil, ; Herák, Kabutey, & Divišová, ; Kabutey et al, ):

W_{x} = \sum_{n = 0}^{n = i - 1} ([], ((), \frac{F_{n + 1}}{2}) \cdot ((), X_{n + 1} - X_{n}))

where W x is the deformation energy of the maize kernel (mJ), F n +1 is the values of the compressive force (N), X n +1 and X n are the values of the kernel deformation (mm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MLR and experimental testing for characterization and classification of damage resistance of maize hybrids based on mechanical properties

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2019

J Food Process Engineering

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The mechanical properties of kernels and ears are important factors affecting the resistance of maize hybrids of mechanical impact. The mechanical properties of kernels and ears and broken rate (BR) of 28 hybrids were determined by uniaxial compression, shear, and hardness tests under standard operating conditions. A strong correlation was found between the BR and the mechanical properties of all maize hybrids, including the compression stress of the kernels in the X‐axis and Z‐axis, the shear force in the X‐axis, the rupture force of the ears, and the hardness of the endosperm. Three‐element BR model was developed to determine the relationship between the mechanical properties (compressive stress in the X‐axis and Z‐axis, hardness of horny endosperm) and the BR to characterize the resistance of maize hybrids to mechanical damage (Rs2 = 0.583). And all hybrids were classified into four groups based on those extracted characteristic mechanics, and the BR of each group has significant difference (p < .01). Research on the damage resistance and mechanical properties of various maize hybrids provides a theoretical basis for varietal food processing methods. Practical Applications The rapidly increase in maize hybrids and planting area places higher requirements on maize kernel processing. The broken rate of kernels determines the damage resistance processing performance of maize hybrids. The identification of the best maize hybrids for the mechanical process requires a limited number of simple, practical, and reliable tests that are able to predict the potential broken rate. This study evaluated the damage resistance and mechanical properties of commonly used commercial maize hybrids and provides reference data to develop suitable conditions for harvesting, storing, and handling of maize.

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W_{x} = \sum_{n = 0}^{n = i - 1} ([], ((), \frac{F_{n + 1}}{2}) \cdot ((), X_{n + 1} - X_{n}))

where W x is the deformation energy of the maize kernel (mJ), F n +1 is the values of the compressive force (N), X n +1 and X n are the values of the kernel deformation (mm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equation (3) (Demirel, Kabutey, Herak, & Gurdil, 2017;Herák, Kabutey, & Divišová, 2013;Kabutey et al, 2014):…”

Section: Uniaxial Compression Testunclassified

MLR and experimental testing for characterization and classification of damage resistance of maize hybrids based on mechanical properties

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2019

J Food Process Engineering

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“…Deformation energy is the internal energy caused by material deformation by application of an external load and stored internally throughout its volume. The deformation curve is calculated as the area under the compressive force and here was calculated using following equation (Demirel, Kabutey, Herak, & Gurdil, ; Herák, Kabutey, & Divišová, ; Kabutey et al, ).

E_{x} = \sum_{n = 0}^{n = i - 1} ([], ((), \frac{F_{n + 1} + F_{n}}{2}) \cdot ((), X_{n + 1} - X_{n})),

where E x is the deformation energy of corn kernel (mJ); F n + 1 and F n are values of compressive force (N); and X n + 1 and X n are values of kernel deformation (mm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Compressive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage resistance and compressive properties of bulk maize kernels at varying pressing factors: Experiments and modeling

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2019

J Food Process Engineering

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The physical and mechanical properties of two maize cultivars, ZD 958 and SR 999, were determined. Compression testing of bulk corn kernels was performed using a universal compression testing machine and a transparent device with a plunger. The purpose of the research was to describe damage resistance and compression properties of bulk maize kernels by measuring the broken rate, deformation, deformation energy, volume energy, and hardness for different varying pressing factors. Moisture content levels of 12, 14, 17, 21, 25, and 31% were assayed for two corn varieties. The tested compression forces were 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 2,500, 3,000, and 3,500 N. Three pressing vessels, 60, 80, and 100 mm in diameter, were used. The results showed that moisture content, pressing force, and vessel diameters created a significant effect on the values of broken rate, deformation, deformation energy, volume energy, and hardness (p < .01). The broken rate, deformation, and deformation energy increased with increases in moisture content and pressing force. The hardness increased with pressing force and vessel diameter, whereas decreased with the increase of moisture content. Linear regression models were described for bulk maize kernels deformation energy, volume energy, and hardness depending on moisture content, force, and vessel diameter. Practical applications Maize is one of the most versatile cereal crops of the word but has a wide application in food industries, pharmaceutical industry, and forage industries. The determination of the damage resistance and compressive properties such as deformation energy, volume energy, and hardness will help researchers and industrial process designers to design the process handling equipment, postharvest machinery, storage structures, processing equipment, and so forth, in the processing and manufacturing industries.

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“…The deformation values were obtained directly from the compression test. The oil yield and experimental deformation energy [32][33][34] were calculated using Equation (2) and Equation (3) as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Linear and Non-linear Compression Processes of Sunflower Bulk Oilseeds

et al. 2019

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The present study aimed at describing the experimental and theoretical force-deformation curves of sunflower bulk oilseeds at varying initial pressing heights and vessel diameters as well as determining the theoretical pressure and energy along the screw press FL 200 pressing chambers. The design of efficient oil expression systems for industry and small-scale application remains a major challenge to engineers and researchers. In attempting to solve the problem, it is important to understand the linear compression process and to transfer the knowledge to the industry involving mechanical screw presses. The universal compression testing machine at a preset load of 200 kN and a speed of 5 mm·min −1 , tangent curve model and the screw press FL 200 geometry parameters were applied. The obtained results of pressure and energy along the screw pressing chambers (1-7) ranged from 0.31 to 101.653 MPa and 12.616 to 1231.228 J. Applying the tangent model at n = 1 and n = 2, the cumulative pressure decreased with increasing vessel diameters while energy increased. The study provides useful information for the analysis of other bulk oilseeds and optimizing the processing parameters of screw press FL 200 and the design and development of new oil presses. 116 geometry (m 2 ). The theoretical pressure and energy at the screw lamella positions (from 0-7) were 117 determined using Equations (8)-(11). Both the experimental and theoretical data were statistically 118 analyzed using MathCAD software, version 15 and STATISITCA, version 13 [41,42].

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Numerical estimation of deformation energy of selected bulk oilseeds in compression loading

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

MLR and experimental testing for characterization and classification of damage resistance of maize hybrids based on mechanical properties

MLR and experimental testing for characterization and classification of damage resistance of maize hybrids based on mechanical properties

Damage resistance and compressive properties of bulk maize kernels at varying pressing factors: Experiments and modeling

Modeling of Linear and Non-linear Compression Processes of Sunflower Bulk Oilseeds

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