Numerical Simulations of Heat and Moisture Transport in Thermal Protective Clothing Under Flash Fire Conditions

Song, Guowen; Chitrphiromsri, Patirop; Ding, Dan

doi:10.1080/10803548.2008.11076752

Cited by 93 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Subsequently, Ghazy and Bergstrom [7,8] developed a thermal model of the protective gear composed of a single-layer fire resistant fabric [7] and of three fabric layers separated by two air gaps [8]. They dealt in a more sophisticated way with the air gap between the fabric and the sensor (skin simulant) than in the previous models [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Namely, the simplified Beer's law based model was used to account for absorption of the incident thermal radiation in the semi-transparent textile layers while the radiative transfer equation was solved in the air gaps with the fixed value of absorption coefficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model was validated using an instrumented manikin fire test system. The first one-dimensional model, which accounted for conjugated conductive and radiative heat transfer accompanied by the moisture transport in the multi-layer firefighter protective garment during the flash fire exposure and subsequent cooling process, was developed by Chitrphiromsri and Kuznetsov [5] and then validated by Song et al [6]. They treated the fabrics as a multi-component hydroscopic porous structure which consisted of the solid fibres, bound water and the mixture of dry air and water vapour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The problem of mathematical and numerical modelling of transport phenomena in the protective garments was undertaken many times [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, the complex nature of heat and mass transfer phenomena in the multilayer protective clothing resulted in many simplifications which were introduced into proposed heat and mass transfer models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Verification and validation of an advanced model of heat and mass transfer in the protective clothing

Łapka

Furmański

2018

Heat Mass Transfer

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The paper presents verification and validation of an advanced numerical model of heat and moisture transfer in the multi-layer protective clothing and in components of the experimental stand subjected to either high surroundings temperature or high radiative heat flux emitted by hot objects. The developed model included conductive-radiative heat transfer in the hygroscopic porous fabrics and air gaps as well as conductive heat transfer in components of the stand. Additionally, water vapour diffusion in the pores and air spaces as well as phase transition of the bound water in the fabric fibres (sorption and desorption) were accounted for. All optical phenomena at internal or external walls were modelled and the thermal radiation was treated in the rigorous way, i.e., semi-transparent absorbing, emitting and scattering fabrics with the non-grey properties were assumed. The air was treated as transparent. Complex energy and mass balances as well as optical conditions at internal or external interfaces were formulated in order to find values of temperatures, vapour densities and radiation intensities at these interfaces. The obtained highly non-linear coupled system of discrete equations was solved by the Finite Volume based in-house iterative algorithm. The developed model passed discretisation convergence tests and was successfully verified against the results obtained applying commercial software for simplified cases. Then validation was carried out using experimental measurements collected during exposure of the protective clothing to high radiative heat flux emitted by the IR lamp. Satisfactory agreement of simulated and measured temporal variation of temperature at external and internal surfaces of the multi-layer clothing was attained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Verification and validation of an advanced model of heat and mass transfer in the protective clothing

Łapka

Furmański

2018

Heat Mass Transfer

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“…Most of the FFPPC contain moisture barrier layer to improve the heat resistance and more importantly prevent penetration of chemical spillage and reduce steam burn (Song et al 2008). However, this layer is semi permeable or impermeable to water vapour, which causes considerable discomfort as it is impossible to expel high quantity of sweat from the clothing system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends and future scope in the protection and comfort of fire-fighters’ personal protective clothing

2014

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Fire-fighters' personal protective clothing is the only source of protection for fire-fighters during fire-fighting. The protective clothing should provide adequate protection as well as should be comfortable to wear. The protection and comfort requirements are always the contradicting fact in several protective clothing including fire-fighters'. Appropriate material selection, clothing design and final evaluation of the results play a critical role in predicting the clothing performance and comfort. Several researches have been done on the performance and comfort improvement of fire-fighter's protective clothing. However, detailed review related to these parameters is not being reported in recent years. In this perspective review, we report the recent trends in the performance and comfort properties of the fire-fighters protective clothing. The clothing design and different materials used to achieve a balance between performance and comfort is illustrated. Various test standards related to the performance and comfort is also being discussed. In addition, the future scopes and challenges while designing tomorrows advanced protective clothing are cited. This would provide a guideline in terms of comfort and performance while developing and designing the fire-fighter protective clothing for different climatic conditions.

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“…The model was developed with the assumption that textiles are porous media. Roger L. et al [5] developed a model of heat and moisture transport in fire fighters protective clothing during a flash fire exposure. A traditional fire fighter garment consists of three layers of fabric (the outer shell, the moisture barrier, and the thermal liner) that transport heat and moisture to the human skin and tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualisation of Liquid Flow Phenomena in Textiles Applied as a Wound Dressing

Komisarczyk¹,

Dziworska²,

Krucińska³

et al. 2013

Autex Research Journal

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The aim of this work was to visualise liquid transport in textiles. Knowledge of the transport phenomena allows for the design of textiles for various applications, e.g., comfortable to wear filtration and wound dressing. To visualise liquid transport through textiles, three test methods were explored. The first one was the high spatial resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique (also referred to as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microscopy). It allowed the observation of the pathways of liquid flow through textiles. In the second method, a thermographic camera was used to record temperature changes and assess the liquid flow in the textile. The third method was using a high-speed video camera to observe the liquid transport within the textile. Two types of textiles were studied: a double-layer knitted fabric and a woven fabric, both made from hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibres (cotton, viscose and polypropylene). The knitted fabrics were tested as a new type of wound dressing, which trans

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Numerical Simulations of Heat and Moisture Transport in Thermal Protective Clothing Under Flash Fire Conditions

Cited by 93 publications

References 12 publications

Verification and validation of an advanced model of heat and mass transfer in the protective clothing

Verification and validation of an advanced model of heat and mass transfer in the protective clothing

Recent trends and future scope in the protection and comfort of fire-fighters’ personal protective clothing

Visualisation of Liquid Flow Phenomena in Textiles Applied as a Wound Dressing

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