Numerical variation of nucleolar organizer regions after silver staining in domestic and wild Suidae (Mammalia)

Mellink, C.; Bosma, A. A.; Haan, N.A. de; Macdonald, Alastair A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1992.tb00135.x

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Several previous reports have recorded numerical variation of Ag-NORs in domestic and wild pigs (Lin et al 1980;Czaker & Mayr 1982;Wang 1982;Vischnevskaya & Vsevolodov 1986;Liu et al , 1992Popescu et al 1989;Mellink et al 1991Mellink et al , 1992. Our results confirm this variation and summarize its geographical distribution.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…1980;Czaker & Mayr 1982), and the rRNA genes have been assigned by in situ hybridization to chromosomes 10 and 8 (Toga-Piquet et al 1984;Miyake et al 1988;Mellink et al 1991). Polymorphism has been found in Ag-NOR number and size at the cellular, individual and breed levels in domestic and wild pigs Popescu et al 1989;Mellink et al 1991Mellink et al , 1992. The Ag-NOR is a useful cytogenetic marker for differentiation and classification of pig breeds (Liu et 01.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Number and distribution of silver‐stained nucleolar organizer regions and evolutionary relationships in domestic pigs

Liu

Lu²,

Zhang³

1995

Animal Genetics

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Variation in the numbers of silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORS) were examined in 36 breeds of domestic pig of different geographic origins and five subspecies of wild boar. The relationship between Ag-NORs and evolution of domestic pigs was investigated. In all pigs observed, Ag-NORs were localized on the secondary constriction of chromosomes 10 and 8. The mean Ag-NOR numbers varied from 2.0-4.0, and decreased gradually with the different geographical distribution from south to north in China and from east to west in Europe. This regular change was caused mainly by the differences of frequency in chromosome 8 Ag-NOR type and was closely related to the evolution of domestic pig breeds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number and distribution of silver‐stained nucleolar organizer regions and evolutionary relationships in domestic pigs

Liu

Lu²,

Zhang³

1995

Animal Genetics

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“…However, NOR transcriptional activity is very variable and it has been postulated that this is a characteristic of each individual for many mammalian species [16][17][18] . This variability would depend on specific metabolic cell demand and it has been correlated with different cell types [19] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Chromosomes of the Bornean Sambar Deer and Rusa Deer Interspecific Hybrids

Idris¹

2009

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: Hybridization has potential benefits to the Malaysian farmed deer industries in terms of increased growth rate and increased proportion of muscle and an improved alignment of feed supply and annual energy requirement. Species or subspecies of different chromosome constitution could mate to produce healthy hybrid offspring in a normal ratio of males and females. If any of the hybrid offspring were sterile, the sterile offspring would be the heterogametic offspring. The study investigated the use of chromosome banding method to detect chromosomal variation and to define the chromosome homology and the possibility of the Bornean Sambar deer (Cervus unicolor brookei) and Rusa deer (Cervus timorensis) hybrids to reproduce. Approach: Samples were collected from the Livestock Breeding Station, Sabrang, Keningau, Sabah, East Malaysia. The animals studied consisted of two deer subspecies namely the Bornean Sambar deer, Rusa deer and their hybrids. The karyotypes of the Bornean Sambar deer, Rusa deer and their F1 hybrids have been investigated by solid giemsa staining, G-banding and Ag-NOR banding techniques. Results: Rusa and Bornean Sambar have different chromosome number; 60 and 62 respectively, but share the same fundamental number of chromosome arm, 70. The hybrids have 2n = 61, consisting of 9 metacentric to submetacentric autosomes and 24 pairs of acrocentric autosomes with two acrocentrics and one submetacentric chromosome being unpaired. The morphology of the sex chromosomes in the F1 hybrids was similar to that of the parental species. The Ag-NOR pattern and the conventional Giemsa staining of chromosomes were effective as markers in the characterization of the karyotypes of the parental lines and hybrids because of the presence of active NORs on different chromosomes of different species. G-band, in contrast, showed complete homology in the presence of euchromatic bands and heterochromatin blocks respectively on each chromosome, suggesting that the two species have few genetic differences. Conclusion: In the present study, natural mating between Bornean Sambar deer and Rusa deer were conducted and the number and chromosomal location of the nucleolar organizer regions in their offsprings were analyzed by the silver staining method. Apart from that, the interspecific dissimilarities with regards to chromosome number and morphology are less extensive and the production of chromosomally balanced gametes could be expected.

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“…The breeds of animals, including agricultural ones, differ considerably in the number of NOR and their localization (Mellink CHM et al, 1994;Loginov SI et al, 2004). There are different opinions in the scientifi c literature regarding the location of NOR in chromosomes of Bos taurus representatives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism of nucleolar organizer regions in different Ukrainian cattle breeds

2021

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Aim. To study the activity of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in different Ukrainian cattle breeds in terms of their apparent activity status in silver stain and possible relation with milk productivity. Methods. Chromosome prepara- tions using lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of 90 cows of different breeds were used in the study. NOR activity was determined by visual evaluation of concentrations of silver precipitation on NORs in individual chromosomes. A 50 % silver nitrate solution was used to stain chromosome preparations. NORs were detected as dark spots on telomeres of the corresponding chromosomes. Results. The cytological analysis of chromosome preparations from lymphocytes of first lactation cows detected NOR polymorphism in Ukrainian Red-and-Motley dairy cattle (URM), Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed (UBW), and hybrid cows, obtained by crossing Ukrainian Red-and-Motley dairy breed and Montbeliarde bulls (URM × M). First lactation cows of URM and UBM had higher or the same inci- dence of cells with four (29.8 and 30 %) and five (17.1 and 19.5 %) NORs, while in URM × M cows the incidence of cells with the same number of NORs was almost twice lower; cells with 7 and 8 NORs exceeded a similar index for other investigated breeds almost twice (2.5 against 4.5 % and 2.0 against 4.2 %). The highest level of chromosomal aberrations (CA) was observed in the group of animals with medium number (2 to 3 NORs per cell), and the lowest – in the group with a high number of NORs (from 6 to 7) with a reliable intergroup difference (p < 0.01). NOR activity was the highest in the group of animals of local origin (URM × M) with a milk yield over 7,000 kg in 305 days of the first lactation and the lowest in the UBW cows with a milk yield of 4–5,000 kg during the first lactation. Conclusions. We determined the differences in the activity of nucleolar organizers between the investigated groups of cows of dairy breed. URM × M hybrids reliably (р ≤ 0.05) exceeded dairy UBW cows by this index. No statistically significant different was found between other investigated groups of animals by this trait. Higher dairy productivity was found in the animals with higher frequency of NORs in the chromosomes of metaphase cells. In our opinion, the number of active NORs demonstrates relative variability between their number and the rate of protein synthesis, required to implement the productivity traits of the investigated animals.

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Numerical variation of nucleolar organizer regions after silver staining in domestic and wild Suidae (Mammalia)

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Number and distribution of silver‐stained nucleolar organizer regions and evolutionary relationships in domestic pigs

Number and distribution of silver‐stained nucleolar organizer regions and evolutionary relationships in domestic pigs

Somatic Chromosomes of the Bornean Sambar Deer and Rusa Deer Interspecific Hybrids

Polymorphism of nucleolar organizer regions in different Ukrainian cattle breeds

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