Nutrition Supplements

Nutritional supplements in Norwegian elite athletes—impact of international ranking and advisors

“…The percentage of NS use in this study is within the range reported in other studies on competitive athletes (Sobal & Marquart, 1994;Burke & Read, 1993;Sundgot±Borgen, 1993;Armsey & Green, 1997;Ro È nsen et al, 1999;Bjerkan et al, 2000). The metaanalyze made by (Sobal and Marquart, 1994), demonstrated an overall percentage of athletes' NS use of 46%.…”

Nutritional supplements: Sports doping in the adolescent

“…A loading dose of 20 g per day for one week is often used, followed by 10-15 g per day for maintenance. There may be a 5%-15% improvement in short-term, repetitive/intermittent, high intensity exercise-including power-related sports (1,(5)(6)(7). No improvement occurs with long-term endurance activities-perhaps even some harm.…”

“…An increase of 0.7 to 3 kg in one month has been reported; a weight gain can be maintained on 5 g per day of creatine during a 10-week period of detraining and maintained for 4 weeks after its use is stopped. Although creatine is considered safe, there are potential side-effects and risks: weight gain, muscle cramps, Brought to you by | University of Glasgow Library Authenticated Download Date | 6/28/15 11:03 AM strains, dehydration in hot/humid weather, renal function deterioration, suppression of endogenous synthesis, and cardiac muscle hypertrophy (6,(8)(9)(10). The long term (ie, over 1 year) effects are unknown, and studies are not noted in children or adolescents.…”

Predictors of Dietary Supplement Use among Adolescent Athletes

“…Marketing claims for sports supplements generally lack consistent doubleblind animal and human studies showing either performance gains or freedom from adverse side effects and long-term health consequences (3,14,30). Despite the growing scientific and medical literature on the subject, few studies have investigated factors that predict their use.…”