Nutritional effects of field bean (Vicia fabaL.) proteinase inhibitors fed to rats

Abstract

I . Weanling rats were fed on purified-casein diets containing active and inactive (autoclaved) field bean (Mcia faba L.) proteinase inhibitors (PI) a t levels of 1.25, 25, 5.0 and 10 g/kg. Diets containing raw-and autoclaved-field-bean meal (FBM) were also given. The body-weight gain, protein efficiency ratio (PER); i.e. the ratio of the live weight gain in g/g of protein consumed and apparent nitrogen digestibility were determined 7, 14 and 21 d after the start of the trial. 2.Significant growth depression (P < o.001) was observed in rats given diets containing 2.5 g/kg PI (27-35 %). In rats fed on raw FBM growth depression was severe after 7 d (57 %). 3.Food intake was depressed at PI inclusion levels of 5 g/kg and higher between 14 and 21 d.4. PER was depressed significantly (33-44 %) in rats given diets containing the active PI a t all levels after 7 d. The protein utilization of all casein diets was higher than that of the FBM diets. 5.Apparent N digestibility was depressed in rats fed on diets containing 10 g/kg PI by 9 and 7 % at 14 and 21 d respectively. The N digestibility of both raw and heated FBM was similar a t approximately 84 %. (1973) showed that PI were responsible for 40 % of the growth depression observed when rats were fed on diets containing raw soya-bean meal. Raw FBM has also been found to depress growth of both rats and chicks (Sohonie et a/. 1958; Nitsan, 1971 ;Wilson & McNab, 1972;Marquardt & Campbell, 1973;Kadirvel & Clandinin, 1974) and PI have been implicated in this response.The work reported here was initiated to determine the nutritional and physiological significance of PI by means of incorporating the partially purified FBM inhibitors into diet devoid of other legume proteins. For comparison the nutritive value of FBM was also investigated to ascertain the importance if any, of PI and other anti-nutritional factors. MATERIALS A N D METHODS RatsMale weanling Wistar strain rats bred at the University of Nottingham School of Agriculture were used. The rats were distributed randomly, two per cage, in raised wire mesh bottom cages. A large metal tray covered with Whatman No. I filter paper which was changed daily was used to collect faeces and spilt food. Food pots were weighed daily and replenished.

Effects of faba bean tannins on the growth and histological structure of the intestinal tract and liver of chicks and rats

“…The inclusion of high amounts of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) in diets has been reported to have a detrimental effect on the performance of rats (Marquardt et at, 1974;Abbey et at, 1979;Moseley & Griffiths, 1979) and chickens (Guillaume, 1977;Marquardt & Ward, 1979;Rubio et al, 1990). This has generally been attributed to the presence in the seeds of various antinutritive/toxic substances.…”

Inhibition of brush border sucrase by polyphenols in mouse intestine

“…They are mostly derivatives and/or isomers of flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, catechins and phenolic acids, and possess diverse pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antiapoptosis, antiaging and anticarcinogenic [1]. Phenolic monomers are potent inhibitors of plant [3] and mammalian [4][5][6] enzymes. Phenolic monomers are potent inhibitors of plant [3] and mammalian [4][5][6] enzymes.…”

Influence of Dietary Raw Green Gram <i>(Phaseolus aureus Roxb) </i>and Green Gram Trypsin Inhibitors on the Activity of Certain Protein Metabolism Enzymes in Rats

“…23, 27], Many investigators have reported the factors in volved in this phenomenon [1,10,19] and a hypothesis that growth inhibition is largely due to the presence of trypsin or proteinase inhibitors, present in an active form, in raw legumes has been proposed [ 18,24], It has been reported that raw legumes have an influence on the urinary nitrogenous compounds as well as amino acid-degrading enzymes [7]. It has been observed in this lab oratory that green gram (Phaseolus aureus Roxb).…”