Nutritive evaluation and milk quality of including of tomato or olive by-products silages with sunflower oil in the diet of dairy goats

Abstract

There are worldwide a number of by-products with a strong potential for use in animal feeding to cover purposes as farm economic profitability enhancement or searching of functional food ingredients. Probably fruit and vegetable industry (i.e. olive milling wastes) are amongst the most representative sectors. Two experiments were performed with lactating Murciano-Granadina goats. In Experiment 1 the objective was to assess the effect of the partial replacement of the forage in the diet with olive by-products or tomato silages supplemented with sunflower oil (SFO, 20 g/kg DM) on the nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation parameters and microbial abundances, methane production and milk yield and composition. Eighteen goats were distributed in three experimental groups and fed control diet (CD) against diets containing olive by-products silage (OBSD) or tomato surplus silage (TSD). Both OBSD and TSD resulted in higher fat intake and apparent digestibility, higher digestible and metabolizable energy and total purine derivatives excretion. The rest of

In vitro assessment of the factors that determine the activity of the rumen microbiota for further applications as inoculum

“…Feed composition was measured as described previously . The methane concentration in the headspace samples was determined by gas chromatography (Agilent, Waldbronn, Germany).…”

“…Feed composition was measured as described previously. 21 The methane concentration in the headspace samples was determined by gas chromatography (Agilent, Waldbronn, Germany). Concentrations of individual VFA were determined by a gas chromatography system coupled with a flame ionization detector (AutoSystem; Perkin-Elmer Corp., Shelton, CT, USA), whereas the ammonia concentration was measured using a colorimetric method.…”

Short-Term Effect of the Inclusion of Silage Artichoke By-Products in Diets of Dairy Goats on Milk Quality

“…In general, the inclusion of silages in well-balanced diets does not jeopardise the yield and composition of milk, as various authors observed by including different types of by-product silages in small ruminants' diets. While the inclusion of olive cake silage in sheep and goats' rations had no effects on milk yield [40,41], a higher fat content was observed in the milk of sheep and goats fed sliced oranges silage [42] and tomato and olive by-product silages [43], as occurred with AB in Experiment 2.The blood metabolite profile is one of the main indicators when evaluating the physiological state of animals [44]. The absence of relevant differences between treatments indicates the viability of the inclusion of these by-products in the ration for Murciano-Granadina dairy goats at the tested doses.…”

Climate Change Impact, Adaptation, and Mitigation in Temperate Grazing Systems: A Review

“…Incremental adaptations (simple adjustments to existing farming systems [96]) which are applicable on a range of timescales can be one-off activities [8] or may be on a historical trend of progress, for example animal genetic improvement [97]. Pardo et al [114]; Arco-Pérez et al [115] While single incremental adaptations (e.g., increase in grassland fertility) are likely to be particularly effective in high rainfall areas, a systemic integration of multiple adaptations (e.g., a combination of an increase in grassland fertility and animal reproduction rate) can result in significant increases in production and profit [116]. This is particularly the case in drier regions of Australia where greater impacts of climate change are expected on farming systems that are more vulnerable to climate change in comparison with those in high rainfall regions [116].…”

“…However, this option should be approached cautiously as excees amount of dietary concentration of condensed tannins may have detrimental effect on animal production [133]. For dairy goat systems, Pardo et al [114] analysed a dataset from a feeding trial [115] and by applying life cycle analysis (LCA), found that replacing oats and hay with tomato by-product silage in the diet reduced the C footprint by decreasing N 2 O emissions during the cultivation stage. Bell et al [134] suggested replacing C 3 with C 4 grasses as an adaptive option to maintain productivity and minimising GHG emissions.…”