Obesity: Effects on Cardiovascular Disease and its Diagnosis

Mathew, Boban; Francis, Lisa; Kayalar, Attila; Cone, Jesse

doi:10.3122/jabfm.2008.06.080080

Cited by 95 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…22,23 In a study, WHR showed a stronger association with lifestyle factors, such as physical inactivity, than BMI. 24 Thus, the high predictive power of WHR for incident CVD in our study population might be attributable to the high prevalence of sedentary lifestyle, especially in females.…”

Section: Obesity Variables To Predict Cardiovascular Events F Hadaeghmentioning

confidence: 97%

Appropriate cutoff values of anthropometric variables to predict cardiovascular outcomes: 7.6 years follow-up in an Iranian population

et al. 2009

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Objective: To determine cutoff points of anthropometric variables for predicting incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Iranian adults. Design: It is a population-based longitudinal study. Subjects: A total of 1614 men and 2006 women, aged X40 years, free of CVD at baseline were included in the study. Measurements: Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and cardiovascular risks were assessed. Incident CVD was ascertained over a median of 7.6 years follow-up. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD were calculated for 1 s.d. change in all obesity variables using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used as the method of defining the points of the maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity (MAXss) of each variable as a predictor of CVD. Results: We found 333 CVD events during follow-up. The risk-factor-adjusted HRs were significant for all anthropometric variables in males and WHR in females and were 1.19, 1.24, 1.21 and 1.24 for BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR in males and 1.27 for WHR in females, respectively (all Po0.05). ROC analysis showed the highest area under curve (AUC) for WHR, WHtR and WC, followed by BMI in males and both genders agedp60 years. In females, WHR and WHtR had the highest AUC, followed by WC and BMI. Among those 460 years old, all the anthropometric variables showed same CVD predicting power. The cutoff values (MAXss) for CVD prediction in males and females were BMIs 26.95 and 29.19 kg m À2 ,WCs 94.5 and 94.5 cm, WHRs 0.95 and 0.90, and WHtR 0.55 and 0.62, respectively. Conclusion: There was no difference between central obesity variables in predicting CVD in males, whereas in females WHR and WHtR were more appropriate. The cutoff values of anthropometric variables were higher in the Iranian than in other Asian populations.

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Section: Obesity Variables To Predict Cardiovascular Events F Hadaeghmentioning

confidence: 97%

Appropriate cutoff values of anthropometric variables to predict cardiovascular outcomes: 7.6 years follow-up in an Iranian population

et al. 2009

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“…The role of the liver and the induction of obesity early in life are of critical understanding to the development of hyperinsulinemia which may lead to diabetes and other morbid diseases such as cancer and coronary artery disease. Visceral fat is more metabolically active than peripheral fat and is associated with Type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and increased risk for atherosclerotic disease [8] [9]. The waist-to-hip ratio helps identify patients with excess visceral adiposity.…”

Section: Adiposity and Obese Classificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mice, induction of obesity has become important and the models have been created to study obesity and its co-morbidities such as Type 2 Diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis as found in man. In reports related to cardiovascular disease and threats to global health, various diets and drugs have been considered because of their ability to regulate genes linked to human adiposity that are closely linked to life extension in man [8] [9]. Early dietary intervention in obese mice models allowed reduction in the severity of visceral obesity and several chronic diseases such as NAFLD and neurodegenerative diseases [10]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of NAFLD with Increased Risk of Obesity and Chronic Diseases in Developed Countries

Martins¹

2014

OJEMD

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The susceptibility of individuals to obesity has been reported in many developed countries with predisposition of humans to obesity associated with high calorie diets and unhealthy lifestyles. Obesity may closely be involved in cell suicide in various organ diseases with the importance of accelerated aging that requires early intervention with drug therapy to prevent diseases such as non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that has increased in children and reached to approx. 40% of the global population. Obesity is induced by various diets and lifestyle factors such as stress, anxiety and depression which are important to consider with the global increase in obesity and are possibly linked to the rise in individuals with brain disorders that involve neurodegeneration. Xenobiotics such as the endocrine disruptor chemicals that have increased in the environment in various developed countries lead to various chronic endocrine diseases as populations divert towards unhealthy diets and lifestyles with induction of NAFLD and obesity. The amount and nature of food intake that improves and increases liver lipid and xenobiotic metabolism in obese individuals have become important to decrease the risk for increased adiposity in man. High fibre or protein diets that contain leucine may improve liver glucose, lipid and xenobiotic metabolism and require further investigation with xenobiotics such as endocrine disruptors involved in appetite dysregulation and metabolic disorders in developed countries. The use of anti-obese drugs that reduce food intake and improve hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease has been assessed in obesity with drug therapy closely involved either in the prevention or induction of NAFLD and obesity in man.

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“…The widespread of cardiovascular disease in obese individuals is indirectly mediated by the increased frequency of certain risk factors like hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension. However, obesity directly affects the cardiovascular system in several ways) [3]. Obese patients have increased concentration of many adipokines like leptin, resistin and other chemokines like tumor necrosis factoralpha, lipoprotein lipase, plasminogen activator inhibitor1and interleukin-6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Exercise and Antioxidant on Klotho Gene Expression During Oxidative Stress in Rat’s Cardiac Tissue

Alhusseini

El-Talees²,

Hussien

et al. 2017

SDRP-JCMP

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Obesity: Effects on Cardiovascular Disease and its Diagnosis

Cited by 95 publications

References 52 publications

Appropriate cutoff values of anthropometric variables to predict cardiovascular outcomes: 7.6 years follow-up in an Iranian population

Appropriate cutoff values of anthropometric variables to predict cardiovascular outcomes: 7.6 years follow-up in an Iranian population

Induction of NAFLD with Increased Risk of Obesity and Chronic Diseases in Developed Countries

The Effects of Exercise and Antioxidant on Klotho Gene Expression During Oxidative Stress in Rat’s Cardiac Tissue

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